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USA Electoral Law
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| 1 | Unlike Canada, with its Charter of Rights and Freedoms, there is no constitutional guarantee on which to support prisoner voting.40 It remains to be argued whether sections 7 and 24 of the Constitution, which require Federal Parliament to be “directly chosen by the people,” could be interpreted by a rights-oriented High Court to deny Parliament the power to disenfranchise competent adult citizens. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 2 | Our discussion is confined to parliamentary elections in Australia, as opposed to the broader field, which includes local authority, trade union, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) and even corpo- Graeme Orr is Senior Lecturer, Griffith Law School, Brisbane, Australia. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 3 | First is its reformist, egalitarian face, which was prominent through the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries—a prominence shared with New Zealand, but now largely spent. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 4 | Some of the issues raised in this article are the subject of more detailed consideration in a forthcoming book Realising Democracy: Electoral Law in Australia, which will be the first academic legal work dedicated to Australian electoral law. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 5 | These Courts, which grew out of 19th century legal practice, rule on disputed election outcomes. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 6 | Another conundrum for judicial review is the extent to which the “common law of elections” survives. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 7 | The most famous case is Woodward v Sarsons (1875),27 which addressed administrative problems with the newly enacted secret ballot legislation by invoking the “common law of parliamentary elections.” In Woodward, an eminent bench held that an election could be voided on two grounds: (a) if there was “no real electing at all”—meaning the constituency did not have a free and fair opportunity of electing the candidate the majority might prefer; or (b) if the election was “not really conductedunder the subsisting election laws”— meaning the errors were so fundamental that, in a sense, a different method of election was used to that laid down in the legislation.28 The application of these tests is a matter of great conjecture. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 8 | But in adopting the common law test, the Court took a second, more nebulous path, by asking whether the candidate’s pledges about which governing party he might support were so misleading, and whether they had permeated the electorate so deeply, that the whole election had been corrupted. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 9 | Such debates have been particularly acute in the two geographically largest states, Queensland and Western Australia, both of which had significant rural weighting in the form of a system dividing those States into different zones, with markedly different enrolment quotas. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 10 | Queensland, after the purgative of a major Royal Commission, which heralded root and branch reform to many aspects of government, conducted a thorough inquiry into its electoral system in 1990. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 11 | Without a solid constitutional guarantee on which to hang such a case, the Court has been unwilling to follow the lead of the United States Supreme Court in such seminal cases as Baker v Carr47 and Reynolds v Sims.48 But these failures, and the exceptional Queensland and Western Australian systems aside, a political and legal consensus has emerged around a principle that, at the very maximum, no seat should be above or below a tolerance of 10% from the average enrolment. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 12 | Its Constitution Actcontains an electoral “fairness” provision, which effectively requires the South Australian Boundary Commission to predict not just demographic changes, but future voting intention. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 13 | That is, there is a lower house, of single-member constituencies, from which the government is formed. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 14 | When quotas are this small, even micro parties can win seats, as the STV can become a lottery, depending on the order in which candidates happen to be excluded from the count and the preference deals they have done. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 15 | But its detractors object to the way in which it forces electors to choose between the major parties if they wish to have their vote counted. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 16 | And instant vote tallies would certainly be a radically different political event to the traditional theatre of election night in Australia, which centers on a single, national tally room. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 17 | Indeed even today, the degree to which anti-discrimination law applies to pre-selections appears limited. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 18 | The DLP was a formerly significant, Catholic breakaway group from the Australian Labor Party, which achieved electoral success in the Senate in the 1950s through the 1970s. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 19 | The Federal Election Commission was specially set up in the United States to administer the Federal Election Campaign Act, which governs the financing of federal elections. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 20 | Proponents ask why campaigners ought not be held to similar standards as business, which is governed by fair trading laws against misleading or deceptive conduct in trade or commerce. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 21 | (2) In rule 6 (nomination of candidates)— (a) in paragraph (5)(b), for the words from “state” to the end substitute “— (i) where the candidate’s home address is in the United Kingdom, state the constituency or the relevant area within which that address is situated; (ii) where the candidate’s home address is outside the United Kingdom, state the country within which that address is situated.”; (b) after paragraph (5) insert— “(6) In paragraph (5)(b)(i), “relevant area” means— (a) in relation to a home address in England— (i) if the address is within a district for which there is a district council, that district; (ii) if the address is within a county in which there are no districts with councils, that county; (iii) if the address is within a London borough, that London borough; (iv) if the address is within the City of London (including the Inner and Middle Temples), the City of London; (v) if the address is within the Isles of Scilly, the Isles of Scilly; (b) in relation to a home address in Wales— (i) if the address is within a county, that county; (ii) if the address is within a county borough, that county borough; (c) in relation to a home address in Scotland, the local government area in which the address is situated; (d) in relation to a home address in Northern Ireland, the local government district in which the address is situated.” (3) In the Appendix of forms, in the Form of Front of Ballot Paper, for the address after “Catherine Angelina Smith” substitute “(address in [relevant area])”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 22 | (2) This section applies to— (a) an offence under section 48(1) which relates to the publication of electronic material which can reasonably be regarded as intended to achieve a purpose within— (i) section 43(2) (registered parties etc), (ii) section 43(7) (categories of elected office-holders), or (iii) section 43(9) (referendums) where the referendum in question is a referendum to which Part 7 of PPERA applies and the electronic material is published during the referendum period (within the meaning of that Part) for that referendum, or (b) an offence under section 48(1) which relates to the publication of electronic material— (i) which falls within section 44(2)(b) (referendums), or (ii) which can reasonably be regarded as intended to achieve a purpose within section 45(2) (registered parties etc). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 23 | (9) In this section— (a) “the 40-day period” means the period of 40 days beginning on the day on which the draft is laid before Parliament (or, if it is not laid before each House of Parliament on the same day, the later of the days on which it is laid); (b) “the 60-day period” means the period of 60 days beginning on the day on which the document mentioned in subsection (4) is laid before Parliament (or, if it is not laid before each House of Parliament on the same day, the later of the days on which it is laid). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 24 | (10) In this section, “the 40-day period”, in relation to a draft code, means— (a) if the draft is laid before one House on a day later than the day on which it is laid before the other House, the period of 40 days beginning with the later of the two days, and (b) in any other case, the period of 40 days beginning with the day on which the draft is laid before each House, no account being taken of any period during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than four days. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 25 | (12) In this section “the 40-day period”, in relation to draft guidance, means— (a) if the draft is laid before one House on a day later than the day on which it is laid before the other House, the period of 40 days beginning with the later of the two days, and (b) in any other case, the period of 40 days beginning with the day on which the draft is laid before each House, no account being taken of any period during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than four days. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 26 | 37) iii Controlled expenditure etc 26 Restriction on which third parties may incur controlled expenditure 27 Third parties capable of giving notification for purposes of Part 6 of PPERA 28 Recognised third parties: changes to existing limits etc 29 Code of practice on controls relating to third parties PART 5 DISQUALIFICATION OF OFFENDERS FOR HOLDING ELECTIVE OFFICE ETC 30 Disqualification orders 31 Vacation of office etc 32 Candidates etc 33 Holders of relevant elective offices 34 Campaigners 35 Election etc of a person to the House of Commons who is subject to a disqualification order 36 Power to amend Schedule 9 37 Interpretation of Part 38 Minor and consequential amendments PART 6 INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED WITH ELECTRONIC MATERIAL Definitions 39 Definitions relating to electronic material and publication 40 Definitions relating to parties etc Requirements 41 Requirement to include information with electronic material 42 Electronic material to which section 41 applies: paid-for material 43 Purposes referred to in section 42 44 Electronic material to which section 41 applies: other electronic material 45 Purposes referred to in section 44 46 Electronic material relating to more than one candidate or future candidate 47 Exceptions to section 41 Enforcement 48 Offence of breaching section 41 49 Order to take down electronic material in breach of section 41 50 Enforcement by the Commission 51 Notice to take down electronic material in breach of section 41 52 Further provision about notice under section 51 53 Supply of information Supplementary 54 Guidance iv Elections Act 2022 (c. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 27 | (4) In sub-paragraph (3)— (a) references to postal voting documents handed in by a person are to postal voting documents— (i) all relating to the same election, or (ii) where more than one poll is to be taken on a day, each of which relates to an election the poll at which is to be taken on that day, but do not include references to a postal voting document issued to that person; (b) “electors” means persons who are electors in relation to an election to which any of the postal voting documents handed in by the person relates. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 28 | (3D) Subsection (3A)(c) and (d) does not apply where the purpose (or main purpose) for which the information is sought or communicated is its use for the purposes of— (a) a published statement relating to the way in which voters intend to vote or have voted at the relevant election, or (b) a published forecast as to the result of that election which is based on information given by voters. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 29 | Controlled expenditure etc 26 Restriction on which third parties may incur controlled expenditure (1) In Part 6 of PPERA, at the beginning of Chapter 2 insert— “Which third parties may incur expenditure 89A Restriction on which third parties may incur controlled expenditure (1) No amount of controlled expenditure may be incurred by or on behalf of a third party during a reserved regulated period unless the third party— (a) falls within any paragraph of section 88(2) (third parties eligible to give notification), or (b) is an unincorporated association with the requisite UK connection. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 30 | (8) In subsection (3)— (a) in paragraph (a), for “either” substitute “any of the following sub-paragraphs applies— (ai) during a regulated period in relation to which any limit is imposed by paragraph 3, 7, 9, 10 or 11 of Schedule 10 (periods involving parliamentary general elections or general elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly), any controlled expenditure is incurred by or on behalf of a third party in excess of £10,000;”; (b) at the end of paragraph (a)(i), for “, or” substitute “;”; (c) for paragraph (b) substitute— “(b) the third party— (i) in a case within paragraph (a)(ai) or (ii), is not a recognised third party; (ii) in a case within paragraph (a)(i), is not a recognised third party or, where the regulated period is one in relation to which any limit is imposed by paragraph 3, 7, 9, 10 or 11 of Schedule 10, is a recognised third party but is subject to the lower-tier expenditure limits.” (9) After subsection (4) insert— “(4ZA) In its application to a case within subsection (3)(a)(i) where the third party is a recognised third party that is subject to the lower-tier expenditure limits, the reference in subsection (4)(a)(i) to any person who authorised the expenditure to be incurred is to be read as a reference to the responsible person.” (10) After subsection (10) insert— “(10A) Where an offence under subsection (4) is committed in the case of a recognised third party that is subject to the lower-tier expenditure limits— (a) the third party ceases to be subject to those limits at the time the offence is committed, and (b) this Part then applies to the third party as if the notification under section 88(1) which is for the time being in force in relation to the third party did not contain a statement under section 88(3D).” (11) In section 94A of PPERA (arrangements between third parties notified to the Commission), after subsection (5) insert— “(5A) A recognised third party that is subject to the lower-tier expenditure limits may not send a notice under subsection (1).” (12) The following subsection: “( ) This section does not apply in relation to a recognised third party that is subject to the lower-tier expenditure limits.”— (a) is inserted after the provision of PPERA mentioned in the left-hand column of the following table, and (b) is inserted after that provision with the applicable number mentioned in the right-column of the table. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 31 | (2) The report must, in particular, specify— (a) the cases in which a notice was given under section 51(2), (b) the cases in which a notice was given under paragraph 1 of Schedule 12, and (c) the cases in which an order under paragraph 2 or 3 of that Schedule was applied for or made. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 32 | (4) After sub-paragraph (5) insert— “(5A) Any grant of an application under sub-paragraph (4)(a) to vote by post as proxy at parliamentary elections, or at local government elections in England, is to be for— Schedule 3—Restriction of period for which person can apply for postal vote (a) the period ending with the third 31 January following the date on which the application is granted, or (b) any shorter period specified in the application.” (5) In sub-paragraph (6)— (a) in paragraph (a)— (i) omit the “and” at the end of sub-paragraph (i), and (ii) omit sub-paragraph (ii) (including the “and” at the end); (b) after paragraph (a) insert— “(aa) in the case of those who may vote by post as proxy at parliamentary elections or at local government elections in England (or both), the period for which they may do so, (ab) in the case of those who may vote by post as proxy at local government elections in Scotland or Wales, whether their applications were to vote by post as proxy for an indefinite or a particular period (specifying that period), and”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 33 | (3D) Sub-paragraph (3A)(c) and (d) does not apply where the purpose (or main purpose) for which the information is sought or communicated is its use for the purposes of— (a) a published statement relating to the way in which voters intend to vote or have voted at the election, or (b) a published forecast as to the result of that election which is based on information given by voters. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 34 | (2) But in criminal proceedings in which P is charged with an offence other than one to which sub-paragraph (3) applies or in proceedings within sub-paragraph (4) to which both the Commission and P are parties— (a) no evidence relating to the information is admissible against P, and (b) no question relating to the information may be asked on behalf of the prosecution or (as the case may be) the Commission in cross-examination of P, Schedule 12—Supply of information etc unless evidence relating to it is adduced, or a question relating to it is asked, in the proceedings by or on behalf of P. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 35 | Postal and proxy voting 3 Restriction of period for which person can apply for postal vote Schedule 3 contains provision limiting the period for which a person can apply to vote by post— (a) at parliamentary elections in England and Wales and Scotland, and (b) at local government elections in England. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 36 | (2) In this section, “the declaration date” means— (a) the date on which the person makes a declaration under and in accordance with section 1C (overseas elector’s declaration), or (b) where the person makes a declaration under and in accordance with section 1E (renewal declaration), the date on which the person makes the declaration. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 37 | (4) Where the declarant is seeking to be registered in reliance on the previous residence condition by virtue of section 1A(3)(b)(ii), the declaration must also specify an address in respect of which the declarant could have made a declaration of local connection on the last day on which the declarant was resident in the United Kingdom. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 38 | (6) In this section— “electoral register” has the same meaning as in section 1A; “initial registration period” means the period for which the person is entitled by virtue of subsection (1)(a) to remain registered; “further registration period” means a period for which the person is entitled by virtue of subsection (3)(a) to remain registered. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 39 | (5) Where, before the end of a reporting period, the statement is designated by virtue of section 4D (5-yearly review) or section 4E (power to revise statement)— (a) the Commission are not required to publish a report under subsection (4) in relation to the reporting period, and (b) subsection (4) has effect as if the reference in paragraph (a) to the day on which the statement was first designated under section 4A were to the day on which the statement was last designated under that section by virtue of section 4D or 4E. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 40 | (10) When calculating the 40-day period or the 60-day period for the purposes of subsection (9)(a) or (b) respectively, ignore any period during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than 4 days. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 41 | A political organization which accepts a contribution or makes an expenditure, for an exempt function during any calendar year shall file with the Secretary either— (A) (i) in the case of a calendar year in which a regularly scheduled election is held— (I) quarterly reports, beginning with the first quarter of the calendar year in which a contribution is accepted or expenditure is made, which shall be filed not later than the fifteenth day after the last day of each calendar quarter, except that the report for the quarter ending on December 31 of such calendar year shall be filed not later than January 31 of the following calendar year, (II) a pre-election report, which shall be filed not later than the twelfth day before (or posted by registered or certified mail not later than the fifteenth day before) any election with respect to which the organization makes a contribution or expenditure, and which shall be complete as of the twentieth day before the election, and (III) a post-general election report, which shall be filed not later than the thirtieth day after the general election and which shall be complete as of the twentieth day after such general election, and (ii) in the case of any other calendar year, a report covering the period beginning January 1 and ending June 30, which shall be filed no later than July 31 and a report covering the period beginning July 1 and ending December 31, which shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year, or, (B) monthly reports for the calendar year, beginning with the first month of the calendar year in which a contribution is accepted or expenditure is made, which shall be filed not later than the twentieth day after the last day of the month and shall be complete as if the last day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the reports otherwise due in November and December of any year in which a regularly scheduled general election is held, a pre-general election report shall be filed in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i)(II), a post-general election report shall be filed in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i)(III), and a year-end report shall be filed not later than January 31 of the following calendar year. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 42 | (2) If the political committee is the principal campaign committee of a candidate for the House of Representatives or for the Senate— (A) in any calendar year during which there is a regularly scheduled election for which such candidate is seeking election, or nomination for election, the treasurer shall file the following reports: (i) a pre-election report, which shall be filed no later than the 12th day before (or posted by any of the following: registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation or delivered to an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, if posted or delivered no later than the 15th day before)any election in which such candidate is seeking election, or nomination for election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day before such election; (ii) a post-general election report, which shall be filed no later than the 30th day after any general election in which such candidate has sought election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day after such general election; and (iii) additional quarterly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter, and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter: except that the report for the quarter ending December 31 shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; and (B) in any other calendar year the treasurer shall file quarterly reports, which shall be filed not later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter, and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter, except that the report for the quarter ending December 31 shall be filed not later than January 31 of the following calendar year. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 43 | (4) All political committees other than authorized committees of a candidate shall file either— (A) (i) quarterly reports, in a calendar year in which a regularly scheduled general election is held, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter: except that the report for the quarter ending on December 31 of such calendar year shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; (ii) a pre-election report, which shall be filed no later than the 12th day before (or posted by any of the following: registered mail, certified mail, priority mail having a delivery confirmation, or express mail having a delivery confirmation, or delivered to an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, if posted or delivered no later than the 15th day before) any election in which the committee makes a contribution to or expenditure on behalf of a candidate in such election, and which shall be complete as of the 20th day before the election; (iii) a post-general election report, which shall be filed no later than the 30th day after the general election and which shall be complete as of the 20th day after such general election; and (iv) in any other calendar year, a report covering the period beginning January 1 and ending June 30, which shall be filed no later than July 31 and a report covering the period beginning July 1 and ending December 31, which shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; or (B) monthly reports in all calendar years which shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of the month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the reports otherwise due in November and December of any year in which a regularly scheduled general election is held, a pre-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and a year-end report shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 44 | Each report under this section shall disclose— (1) the amount of cash on hand at the beginning of the reporting period; (2) for the reporting period and calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), the total amount of all receipts, and the total amount of all receipts in the following categories: (A) contributions from persons other than political committees; (B) for an authorized committee, contributions from the candidate; (C) contributions from political party committees; (D) contributions from other political committees; (E) for an authorized committee, transfers from other authorized committees of the same candidate; (F) transfers from affiliated committees and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, transfers from other political party committees, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated; (G) for an authorized committee, loans made by or guaranteed by the candidate; (H) all other loans; (I) rebates, refunds, and other offsets to operating expenditures; (J) dividends, interest, and other forms of receipts; and (K) for an authorized committee of a candidate for the office of President, Federal funds received under chapter 95 and chapter 96 of title 26; (3) the identification of each— (A) person (other than a political committee) who makes a contribution to the reporting committee during the reporting period, whose contribution or contributions have an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), or in any lesser amount if the reporting committee should so elect, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (B) political committee which makes a contribution to the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of any such contribution; (C) authorized committee which makes a transfer to the reporting committee; (D) affiliated committee which makes a transfer to the reporting committee during the reporting period and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, each transfer of funds to the reporting committee from another political party committee, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated, together with the date and amount of such transfer; (E) person who makes a loan to the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the identification of any endorser or guarantor of such loan, and date and amount or value of such loan; (F) person who provides a rebate, refund, or other offset to operating expenditures to the reporting committee in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of such receipt; and (G) person who provides any dividend, interest, or other receipt to the reporting committee in an aggregate value or amount in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of any such receipt; (4) for the reporting period and the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), the total amount of all disbursements, and all disbursements in the following categories: (A) expenditures made to meet candidate or committee operating expenses; (B) for authorized committees, transfers to other committees authorized by the same candidate; (C) transfers to affiliated committees and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, transfers to other political party committees, regardless of whether they are affiliated; (D) for an authorized committee, repayment of loans made by or guaranteed by the candidate; (E) repayment of all other loans; (F) contribution refunds and other offsets to contributions; (G) for an authorized committee, any other disbursements; (H) for any political committee other than an authorized committee— (i) contributions made to other political committees; (ii) loans made by the reporting committees; (iii) independent expenditures; (iv) expenditures made under section 30116(d) of this title; and (v) any other disbursements; and (I) for an authorized committee of a candidate for the office of President, disbursements not subject to the limitation of section 30116(b) of this title; (5) the name and address of each— (A) person to whom an expenditure in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year is made by the reporting committee to meet a candidate or committee operating expense, together with the date, amount, and purpose of such operating expenditure; (B) authorized committee to which a transfer is made by the reporting committee; (C) affiliated committee to which a transfer is made by the reporting committee during the reporting period and, where the reporting committee is a political party committee, each transfer of funds by the reporting committee to another political party committee, regardless of whether such committees are affiliated, together with the date and amount of such transfers; (D) person who receives a loan repayment from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of such loan repayment; and (E) person who receives a contribution refund or other offset to contributions from the reporting committee where such contribution was reported under paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection, together with the date and amount of such disbursement; (6) (A) for an authorized committee, the name and address of each person who has received any disbursement not disclosed under paragraph (5) in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office), together with the date and amount of any such disbursement; (B) for any other political committee, the name and address of each— (i) political committee which has received a contribution from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount or any such contribution; (ii) person who has received a loan from the reporting committee during the reporting period, together with the date and amount of such loan; (iii) person who receives any disbursement during the reporting period in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office) in connection with an independent expenditure by the reporting committee, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such independent expenditure and a statement which indicates whether such independent expenditure is in support of, or in opposition to, a candidate, as well as the name and office sought by such candidate, and a certification, under penalty of perjury, whether such independent expenditure is made in cooperation, consultation, or concert, with, or at the request or suggestion of, any candidate or any authorized committee or agent of such committee; (iv) person who receives any expenditure from the reporting committee during the reporting period in connection with an expenditure under section 30116(d) of this title, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such expenditure as well as the name of, and office sought by, the candidate on whose behalf the expenditure is made; and (v) person who has received any disbursement not otherwise disclosed in this paragraph or paragraph (5) in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 within the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office) from the reporting committee within the reporting period, together with the date, amount, and purpose of any such disbursement; (7) the total sum of all contributions to such political committee, together with the total contributions less offsets to contributions and the total sum of all operating expenditures made by such political committee, together with total operating expenditures less offsets to operating expenditures, for both the reporting period and the calendar year (or election cycle, in the case of an authorized committee of a candidate for Federal office); and (8) the amount and nature of outstanding debts and obligations owed by or to such political committee; and where such debts and obligations are settled for less than their reported amount or value, a statement as to the circumstances and conditions under which such debts or obligations were extinguished and the consideration therefor. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 45 | (B) The term “expenditure” does not include— (i) any news story, commentary, or editorial distributed through the facilities of any broadcasting station, newspaper, magazine, or other periodical publication, unless such facilities are owned or controlled by any political party, political committee, or candidate; (ii) nonpartisan activity designed to encourage individuals to vote or to register to vote; (iii) any communication by any membership organization or corporation to its members, stockholders, or executive or administrative personnel, if such membership organization or corporation is not organized primarily for the purpose of influencing the nomination for election, or election, of any individual to Federal office, except that the costs incurred by a membership organization (including a labor organization) or by a corporation directly attributable to a communication expressly advocating the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate (other than a communication primarily devoted to subjects other than the express advocacy of the election or defeat of a clearly identified candidate), shall, if such costs exceed $2,000 for any election, be reported to the Commission in accordance with section 30104(a)(4)(A)(i) of this title, and in accordance with section 30104(a)(4)(A)(ii) of this title with respect to any general election; (iv) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of preparation, display, or mailing or other distribution incurred by such committee with respect to a printed slate card or sample ballot, or other printed listing, of 3 or more candidates for any public office for which an election is held in the State in which such committee is organized, except that this clause shall not apply to costs incurred by such committee with respect to a display of any such listing made on broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of general public political advertising; (v) any payment made or obligation incurred by a corporation or a labor organization which, under section 30118(b) of this title, would not constitute an expenditure by such corporation or labor organization; (vi) any costs incurred by an authorized committee or candidate in connection with the solicitation of contributions on behalf of such candidate, except that this clause shall not apply with respect to costs incurred by an authorized committee of a candidate in excess of an amount equal to 20 percent of the expenditure limitation applicable to such candidate under section 30116(b), but all such costs shall be reported in accordance with section 30104(b); (vii) the payment of compensation for legal or accounting services— (I) rendered to or on behalf of any political committee of a political party if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services, and if such services are not attributable to activities which directly further the election of any designated candidate to Federal office; or (II) rendered to or on behalf of a candidate or political committee if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services, and if such services are solely for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26, but amounts paid or incurred by the regular employer for such legal or accounting services shall be reported in accordance with section 30104(b) by the committee receiving such services; (viii) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of campaign materials (such as pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, party tabloids, and yard signs) used by such committee in connection with volunteer activities on behalf of nominees of such party: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or particular candidates; (ix) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of voter registration and get-out-thevote activities conducted by such committee on behalf of nominees of such party for President and Vice President: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or candidates; and (x) payments received by a political party committee as a condition of ballot access which are transferred to another political party committee or the appropriate State official. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 46 | Subparagraph (A) shall only apply if— (i) the activity does not refer to a clearly identified candidate for Federal office; (ii) the amounts expended or disbursed are not for the costs of any broadcasting, cable, or satellite communication, other than a communication which refers solely to a clearly identified candidate for State or local office; § 30125 (iii) the amounts expended or disbursed which are described in subparagraph (A)(ii) are paid from amounts which are donated in accordance with State law and which meet the requirements of subparagraph (C), except that no person (including any person established, financed, maintained, or controlled by such person) may donate more than $10,000 to a State, district, or local committee of a political party in a calendar year for such expenditures or disbursements; and (iv) the amounts expended or disbursed are made solely from funds raised by the State, local, or district committee which makes such expenditure or disbursement, and do not include any funds provided to such committee from— (I) any other State, local, or district committee of any State party, (II) the national committee of a political party (including a national congressional campaign committee of a political party), (III) any officer or agent acting on behalf of any committee described in subclause (I) or (II), or (IV) any entity directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained, or controlled by any committee described in subclause (I) or (II). VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 47 | The term “qualified State or local political organization” means a political organization— (i) all the exempt functions of which are solely for the purposes of influencing or attempting to influence the selection, nomination, election, or appointment of any individual to any State or local public office or office in a State or local political organization, (ii) which is subject to State law that requires the organization to report (and it so reports)— (I) information regarding each separate expenditure from and contribution to such organization, and (II) information regarding the person who makes such contribution or receives such expenditure, which would otherwise be required to be reported under this section, and (iii) with respect to which the reports referred to in clause (ii) are (I) made public by the agency with which such reports are filed, and (II) made publicly available for inspection by the organization in the manner described in section 6104(d). VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 48 | If any failure to which subsection (a) applies is due to intentional disregard of the requirement of section 6113— (1) the penalty under subsection (a) for the day on which such failure occurred shall be the greater of— (A) $1,000, or (B) 50 percent of the aggregate cost of the solicitations which occurred on such day and with respect to which there was such a failure, (2) the $10,000 limitation of subsection (a) shall not apply to any penalty under subsection (a) for the day on which such failure occurred, and (3) such penalty shall not be taken into account in applying such limitation to other penalties under subsection (a). VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 49 | A record maintained under paragraph (1) shall contain information regarding— (A) whether the request to purchase broadcast time is accepted or rejected by the licensee; (B) the rate charged for the broadcast time; (C) the date and time on which the communication is aired; (D) the class of time that is purchased; (E) the name of the candidate to which the communication refers and the office to which the candidate is seeking election, the election to which the communication refers, or the issue to which the communication refers (as applicable); (F) in the case of a request made by, or on behalf of, a candidate, the name of the candidate, the authorized committee of the candidate, and the treasurer of such committee; and (G) in the case of any other request, the name of the person purchasing the time, the name, address, and phone number of a contact person for such person, and a list of the chief executive officers or members of the executive committee or of the board of directors of such person. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 50 | (B) The term “contribution” does not include– (i) the value of services provided without compensation by any individual who volunteers on behalf of a candidate or political committee; (ii) the use of real or personal property, including a church or community room used on a regular basis by members of a community for noncommercial purposes, and the cost of invitations, food, and beverages, voluntarily provided by an individual to any candidate or any political committee of a political party in rendering voluntary personal services on the individual’s residential premises or in the church or community room for candidate-related or political party-related activities, to the extent that the cumulative value of such invitations, food, and beverages provided by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (iii) the sale of any food or beverage by a vendor for use in any candidate’s campaign or for use by or on behalf of any political committee of a political party at a charge less than the normal comparable charge, if such charge is at least equal to the cost of such food or beverage to the vendor, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such vendor on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does exceed $2000 in any calendar year; (iv) any unreimbursed payment for travel expenses made by any individual on behalf of any candidate or any political committee of a political party, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (v) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of preparation, display, or mailing or other distribution incurred by such committee with respect to a printed slate card or sample ballot, or other printed listing, of 3 or more candidates for any public office for which an election is held in the State in which such committee is organized, except that this clause shall not apply to any cost incurred by such committee with respect to a display of any such listing made on broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of general public political advertising; (vi) any payment made or obligation incurred by a corporation or a labor organization which, under section 30118(b) of this title, would not constitute an expenditure by such corporation or labor organization; (vii) any loan of money by a State bank, a federally chartered depository institution, or a depository institution the deposits or accounts of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation . VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 51 | or the National Credit Union Administration, other than any overdraft made with respect to a checking or savings account, made in accordance with applicable law and in the ordinary course of business, but such loan— (I) shall be considered a loan by each endorser or guarantor, in that proportion of the unpaid balance that each endorser or guarantor bears to the total number of endorsers or guarantors; (II) shall be made on a basis which assures repayment, evidenced by a written instrument, and subject to a due date or amortization schedule; and (III) shall bear the usual and customary interest rate of the lending institution; (viii) any legal or accounting services rendered to or on behalf of— (I) any political committee of a political party if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the person rendering such services and if such services are not attributable to activities which directly further the election of any designated candidate to Federal office; or (II) an authorized committee of a candidate or any other political committee, if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services and if such services are solely for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26, but amounts paid or incurred by the regular employer reported in accordance with section 30104(b) of this title by the committee receiving such services; (ix) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of campaign materials (such as pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, party tabloids, and yard signs) used by such committee in connection with volunteer activities on behalf of nominees of such party: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the cost of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or particular candidates; (x) the payment by a candidate, for nomination or election to any public office (including State or local office), or authorized committee of a candidate, of the costs of campaign materials which include information on or reference to any other candidate and which are used in connection with volunteer activities (including pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, and yard signs, but not including the use of broadcasting, newspapers, magazines, billboards, direct mail, or similar types of general public communication or political advertising): Provided, That such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; (xi) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of voter registration and get-out-thevote activities conducted by such committee on behalf of nominees of such party for President and Vice President: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or candidates; (xii) payments made by a candidate or the authorized committee of a candidate as a condition of ballot access and payments received by any political party committee as a condition of ballot access; (xiii) any honorarium (within the meaning of section 441i of this title); and (xiv) any loan of money derived from an advance on a candidate’s brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit available to the candidate, if such a loan is made in accordance with applicable law and under commercially reasonable terms and if the person making such loan makes loans derived from an advance on the candidate’s brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit in the normal course of the person’s business. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 52 | (3) If the committee is the principal campaign committee of a candidate for the office of President— (A) in any calendar year during which a general election is held to fill such office— (i) the treasurer shall file monthly reports if such committee has on January 1 of such year, received contributions aggregating $100,000 or made expenditures aggregating $100,000 or anticipates receiving contributions aggregating $100,000 or more or making expenditures aggregating $100,000 or more during such year: such monthly reports shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of each month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month, except that, in lieu of filing the report otherwise due in November and December, a pre-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report shall be filed in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and a year end report shall be filed no later than January 31 of the following calendar year; (ii) the treasurer of the other principal campaign committees of a candidate for the office of President shall file a pre-election report or reports in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(i), a post-general election report in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(ii), and quarterly reports in accordance with paragraph (2)(A)(iii); and (iii) if at any time during the election year a committee filing under paragraph (3)(A)(ii) receives contributions in excess of $100,000 or makes expenditures in excess of $100,000, the treasurer shall begin filing monthly reports under paragraph (3)(A)(i) at the next reporting period; and (B) in any other calendar year, the treasurer shall file either— (i) monthly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 20th day after the last day of each month and shall be complete as of the last day of the month; or (ii) quarterly reports, which shall be filed no later than the 15th day after the last day of each calendar quarter and which shall be complete as of the last day of each calendar quarter. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 53 | Reports on convention financing Each committee or other organization which— (1) represents a State, or a political subdivision thereof, or any group of persons, in dealing with officials of a national political party with respect to matters involving a convention held in such State or political subdivision to nominate a candidate for the office of President or Vice President, or (2) represents a national political party in making arrangements for the convention of such party held to nominate a candidate for the office of § 30105 President or Vice President, shall, within 60 days following the end of the convention (but not later than 20 days prior to the date on which presidential and vice-presidential electors are chosen), file with the Commission a full and complete financial statement, in such form and detail as it may prescribe, of the sources from which it derived its funds, and the purpose for which such funds were expended. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 54 | The Secretary or the Commission shall exclude these lists from the public record; (5) keep such designations, reports, and statements for a period of 10 years from the date of receipt, except that designations, reports, and statements that relate solely to candidates for the House of Representatives shall be kept for 5 years from the date of their receipt; (6) (A) compile and maintain a cumulative index of designations, reports, and statements filed under this Act, which index shall be published at regular intervals and made available for purchase directly or by mail; (B) compile, maintain, and revise a separate cumulative index of reports and statements filed by multicandidate committees, including in such index a list of multicandidate committees; and (C) compile and maintain a list of multicandidate committees, which shall be revised and made available monthly; (7) prepare and publish periodically lists of authorized committees which fail to file reports as required by this Act; § 30111 (8) prescribe rules, regulations, and forms to carry out the provisions of this Act, in accordance with the provisions of subsection (d) of this section; and (9) transmit to the President and to each House of the Congress no later than June 1 of each year, a report which states in detail the activities of the Commission in carrying out its duties under this Act, and any recommendations for any legislative or other action the Commission considers appropriate; (b) Audits and field investigations. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 55 | (2) No multicandidate political committee shall make contributions— (A) to any candidate and his authorized political committees with respect to any election for Federal office which, in the aggregate, exceed $5,000; (B) to the political committees established and maintained by a national political party, which are not the authorized political committees of any candidate, in any calendar year, which, in the aggregate, exceed $15,000, or in the case of contributions made to any of the accounts described in paragraph (9), exceed 300 percent of the amount otherwise applicable under this subparagraph with respect to such calendar year; or (C) to any other political committee in any calendar year which, in the aggregate, exceed $5,000. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 56 | (4) If the Commission determines that any amount of any payment made to the eligible candidates of a political party under section 9006 was used for any purpose other than— (A) to defray the qualified campaign expenses with respect to which such payment was made, or (B) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses which were received and expended) which were used to defray such qualified campaign expenses, it shall notify such candidates of the amount so used, and such candidates shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an amount equal to such amount. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 57 | (1) It shall be unlawful for any person who receives any payment under section 9006, or to whom any portion of any payment received under such section is transferred, knowingly and willfully to use, or authorize the use of, such payment or such portion for any purpose other than— (A) to defray the qualified campaign expenses with respect to which such payment was made, or § 9012 (B) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses which were received and expended) which were used, to defray such qualified campaign expenses. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 58 | (4) Except as provided by section 9034(a), the term “contribution”— (A) means a gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money, or anything of value, the payment of which was made on or after the beginning of the calendar year immediately preceding the calendar year of the presidential election with respect to which such gift, subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money, or anything of value, is made, for the purpose of influencing the result of a primary election, § 9032 (B) means a contract, promise, or agreement, whether or not legally enforceable, to make a contribution for any such purpose, (C) means funds received by a political committee which are transferred to that committee from another committee, and (D) means the payment by any person other than a candidate, or his authorized committee, of compensation for the personal services of another person which are rendered to the candidate or committee without charge, but (E) does not include— (i) except as provided in subparagraph (D), the value of personal services rendered to or for the benefit of a candidate by an individual who receives no compensation for rendering such service to or for the benefit of the candidate, or (ii) payments under section 9037. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 59 | § 9038 (2) If the Commission determines that any amount of any payment made to a candidate from the matching payment account was used for any purpose other than— (A) to defray the qualified campaign expenses with respect to which such payment was made, or (B) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses which were received and expended) which were used, to defray qualified campaign expenses, it shall notify such candidate of the amount so used, and the candidate shall pay to the Secretary an amount equal to such amount. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 60 | This subsection shall not apply to any organization— (A) to which this section applies solely by reason of subsection (f)(1), (B) which reasonably anticipates that it will not have gross receipts of $25,000 or more for any taxable year, or (C) which is a political committee of a State or local candidate or which is a State or local committee of a political party. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 61 | Powers of the member of the Central Election Commission may be terminated by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan directly or upon the recommendation of the body which nominated him/her to membership, in the following cases: submission by him/her of a written application for resignation; he/she was recognized by the court as incapable; entry into force of the court's sentence against him/her; systematic failure to perform his/her duties; election or appointment to a position, the occupation of which in accordance with the law is incompatible with the exercise of the powers of a member of the Central Election Commission; recognition of him/her as missing or declaring dead on the basis of a court decision that has entered into legal force; loss of citizenship of the Republic of Uzbekistan; his/her death. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 62 | Ballot papers of an unidentified sample, ballot papers in which the marks “+” or “ ” or “х” are not put down in any square, as well as ballots on the front side of which there is no seal and signatures of members of the Counting Commission shall be deemed invalid. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 63 | 1 Sub-region in this case and hereinafter means an administrative unit, which is smaller than a region but bigger than a city. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 64 | Observers from the political parties which nominated the candidates for the Presidency of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies of the Legislative Chamber, deputies of the local Kengashes, from citizens’ self-governing bodies, representatives of media, overseas observers and observers of the international organizations have the right to be present in all events associated with the preparation and conducting of elections, at voting premises on election day and at the counting of votes. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 65 | Meetings and decisions of the Central Election Commission The organizational form of the Central Election Commission's work is its meetings, which shall be held upon necessity. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 66 | Members of the Central Election Commission have the right to express their special opinion, which shall be attached to the protocol in written form. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 67 | Within the limits of its powers the Central Election Commission shall adopt resolutions, which shall be signed by the chairperson of the Central Election Commission. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 68 | Candidates for the membership of the precinct election commission shall be recommended by citizens' self-governing bodies, public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, which are discussed at the meetings of the district and city Kengashes of people's deputies and are recommended for approval to the relevant district election commission. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 69 | Authorized representatives of political parties Political party which has nominated candidates to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, candidates for deputies of the Legislative Chamber and candidates to local Kengashes shall have the right to appoint an authorized representative to attend the meetings of election commission, submit documents, to check the correctness of signature lists, and participate in the counting of votes at the polling station. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 70 | After completion of the collection of signatures, the authorized representative of the political party shall submit to the Central Election Commission the signatures sheets which shall be separately sewn for the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and Tashkent city. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 71 | Central Election Commission may form an expert group, which checks that the signature sheets are correctly filled. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 72 | Precinct election commission shall: prepare the premises for secret voting before the start of voting; assign responsibilities to the members of the precinct election commission; prepare ballots signed by two members of the commission, which are confirmed by the seal. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 73 | Chairperson of the precinct election commission in the presence of members of the Commission, observers, representatives of the media shall: announce the start of the voting; check the emptiness of ballot boxes and plumbs them with disposable plastic seals, upon which an act indicating the numbers of plumbs is made; inform about the number of voters in accordance with the list, the number of ballot papers received and voters voted in advance. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 74 | A commission of at least two members with a portable ballot box shall be sent to the place of residence of the voter, which shall ensure that the voting is conducted in compliance with the secrecy of his / her will. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 75 | The voter shall make a decision and leave the completed ballot in a closed envelope, which is stored in the safe of the relevant precinct election Commission. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 76 | At the place of gluing the envelope the signatures of two members of the precinct Commission shall be put, which shall be confirmed by the seal of the Commission. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 77 | Chairperson of the precinct election commission or deputy chairperson together with the members of the commission shall: compare numbers of seals with the corresponding act; prepare the place (table) for counting of ballots, after taking aside the writing accessories; count the unused and distorted ballots and cancel them, and the relevant record shall be made in the final Protocol; put the sealed envelopes with ballots of early voting into the ballot box; open stationary and portable ballot boxes; distribute ballots for each candidate, in separate stacks, announcing and showing ballots; count the votes cast for each candidate; determine and count invalid ballots, which shall be recorded in the final Protocol; make a record of the voting results in the final Protocol. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 78 | The application shall include: the decision of the supreme body of the political party to nominate a candidate for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; a protocol of the meeting of the supreme body of the political party on the nomination of a candidate for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in which surname, name, patronymic, date of birth, profession, position (type of activity), place of work and residence of the candidate to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be indicated; an application by the candidate for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on his/her consent for nominating his/her candidate; signature sheets supporting the nominated candidate for President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 79 | The following shall be attached to the application: decision of the supreme body of the political party on nomination of the candidates; a protocol of the supreme body of the political party on nomination of candidates for deputy, in which surname, name, patronymic, date of birth, profession, position (type of activity), place of work and residence, party membership as well as the name and sequence number of the constituency shall be indicated; an application of the candidate for deputy on the consent to run him/her in the respective constituency; an application for the resignation of a candidate for deputy, if he/she is elected as a deputy of the Legislative Chamber. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 80 | The deputy participating in the joint meeting shall present to the member of the Counting Commission a document proving his/her identity and sign the list of voters, after which he/she shall be issued a ballot. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 81 | Part V Powers of the Parliament Section 51 [Legislative Competencies] The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to: (i) Trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States; (ii) Taxation; but so as not to discriminate between States or parts of States; (iii) Bounties on the production or export of goods, but so that such bounties shall be uniform throughout the Commonwealth; (iv) Borrowing money on the public credit of the Commonwealth; (v) Postal, telegraphic, telephonic, and other like services; (vi) The naval and military defence of the Commonwealth and of the several States, and the control of the forces to execute and maintain the laws of the Commonwealth; (vii) Lighthouses, lightships, beacons and buoys; (viii) Astronomical and meteorological observations; (ix) Quarantine; (x) Fisheries in Australian waters beyond territorial limits; (xi) Census and statistics; (xii) Currency, coinage, and legal tender; (xiii) Banking, other than State banking; also State banking extending beyond the limits of the State concerned, the incorporation of banks, and the issue of paper money; (xiv) Insurance, other than State insurance; also State insurance extending beyond the limits of the State concerned; (xv) Weights and measures; (xvi) Bills of exchange and promissory notes; (xvii) Bankruptcy and insolvency; (xviii) Copyrights, patents of inventions and designs, and trade marks; (xiv) Naturalization and aliens; (xx) Foreign corporations, and trading or financial corporations formed within the limits of the Commonwealth; (xxi) Marriage; (xxii) Divorce and matrimonial causes; and in relation thereto, parental rights, and the custody and guardianship of infants; (xviii) Invalid and old age pensions; (xxiiiA) The provision of maternity allowances, widows' pensions, child endowment, unemployment, pharmaceutical, sickness and hospital benefits, medical and dental services (but not so as to authorize any form of civil conscription), benefits to students and family allowances; (xxiv) The service and execution throughout the Commonwealth of the civil and criminal process and the judgments of the courts of the States; (xxv) The recognition throughout the Commonwealth of the laws, the public Acts and records, and the judicial proceedings of the States; (xxvi) The people of any race for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws; (xxvii) Immigration and emigration; (xxviii) The influx of criminals; (xxix) External affairs; (xxx) The relations of the Commonwealth with the islands of the Pacific; (xxxi) The acquisition of property on just terms from any State or person for any purpose in respect of which the Parliament has power to make laws; (xxxii) The control of railways with respect to transport for the naval and military purposes of the Commonwealth; (xxxiii) The acquisition, with the consent of a State, of any railways of the State on terms arranged between the Commonwealth and the State; (xxxiv) Railway construction and extension in any State with the consent of that State; (xxxv) Conciliation and arbitration for the prevention and settlement of industrial disputes extending beyond the limits of any one State; (xxxvi) Matters in respect of which this Constitution makes provision until the Parliament otherwise provides; (xxxvii) Matters referred to the Parliament of the Commonwealth by the Parliament or Parliaments of any State or States, but so that the law shall extend only to States by whose Parliaments the matter is referred, or which afterwards adopt the law; (xxxviii) The exercise within the Commonwealth, at the request or with the concurrence of the Parliaments of all the States directly concerned, of any power which can at the establishment of this Constitution be exercised only by the Parliament of the United Kingdom or by the Federal Council of Australasia; (xxxix) Matters incidental to the execution of any power vested by this Constitution in the Parliament or in either House thereof, or in the Government of the Commonwealth, or in the Federal judicature, or in any department or officer of the Commonwealth. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 82 | Section 57 [Legislative Conflicts] (1) If the House of Representatives passes any proposed law, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, and if after an interval of three months the House of Representatives, in the same or the next session, again passes the proposed law with or without any amendments which have been made, suggested, or agreed to by the Senate, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, the Governor General may dissolve the Senate and the House of Representatives simultaneously. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 83 | (2) But if either House passes any such proposed law by an absolute majority, and the other House rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with any amendment to which the first mentioned House will not agree, and if after an interval of three months the first mentioned House in the same or the next session again passes the proposed law by an absolute majority with or without any amendment which has been made or agreed to by the other House, and such other House rejects or fails to pass it or passes it with any amendment to which the first mentioned House will not agree, the Governor General may submit the proposed law as last proposed by the first mentioned House, and either with or without any amendments subsequently agreed to by both Houses, to the electors in each State and Territory qualified to vote for the election of the House of Representatives. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 84 | Constitution Chapter I The Parliament Part I General Section 1 [Federal Parliament] The legislative power of the Commonwealth shall be vested in a Federal Parliament, which shall consist of the Queen, a Senate, and a House of Representatives, and which is hereinafter called "The Parliament", or "The Parliament of the Commonwealth." Section 2 [Governor-General] A Governor General appointed by the Queen shall be Her Majesty's representative in the Commonwealth, and shall have and may exercise in the Commonwealth during the Queen's pleasure, but subject to this Constitution, such powers and functions of the Queen as Her Majesty may be pleased to assign to him. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 85 | Section 15 [Vacancies] (1) If the place of a senator becomes vacant before the expiration of his term of service, the Houses of Parliament of the State for which he was chosen, sitting and voting together or, if there is only one House of that Parliament, that House, shall choose a person to hold the place until the expiration of the term, or until the election of a successor as hereinafter provided whichever first happens. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 86 | (2) If after such dissolution the House of Representatives again passes the proposed law, with or without any amendments which have been made, suggested, or agreed to by the Senate, and the Senate rejects or fails to pass it, or passes it with amendments to which the House of Representatives will not agree, the Governor General may convene a joint sitting of the members of the Senate and of the House of Representatives. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 87 | (3) The members present at the joint sitting may deliberate and shall vote together upon the proposed law as last proposed by the House of Representatives, and upon amendments, if any, which have been made therein by one House and not agreed to by the other, and any such amendments which are affirmed by an absolute majority of the total number of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives shall be taken to have been carried, and if the proposed law, with the amendments, if any, so carried is affirmed by an absolute majority of the total number of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, it shall be taken to have been duly passed by both Houses of the Parliament, and shall be presented to the Governor General for the Queen's assent. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 88 | (2) The Governor General may return to the house in which it originated any proposed law so presented to him, and may transmit therewith any amendments which he may recommend, and the Houses may deal with the recommendation. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 89 | Section 70 [Transfer of Old Powers] In respect of matters which, under this Constitution, pass to the Executive Government of the Commonwealth, all powers and functions which at the establishment of the Commonwealth are vested in the Governor of a Colony, or in the Governor of a Colony with the advice of his Executive Council, or in any authority of a Colony, shall vest in the Governor General, or in the Governor General in Council, or in the authority exercising similar powers under the Commonwealth, as the case requires. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 90 | Section 75 [Original Jurisdiction of the High Court] In all matters (i) Arising under any treaty: (ii) Affecting consuls or other representatives of other countries: (iii) In which the Commonwealth, or a person suing or being sued on behalf of the Commonwealth, is a party: (iv) Between States, or between residents of different States, or between a State and a resident of another State: (v) In which a writ of Mandamus or prohibition or an injunction is sought against an officer of the Commonwealth: the High Court shall have original jurisdiction. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 91 | Section 77 [Jurisdiction of Federal Courts] With respect to any of the matters mentioned in the last two sections the Parliament may make laws (i) Defining the jurisdiction of any federal court other than the High Court: (ii) Defining the extent to which the jurisdiction of any federal court shall be exclusive of that which belongs to or is invested in the courts of the States: (iii) Investing any court of a State with federal jurisdiction. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 92 | Section 8 [Electors of Senators] The qualification of electors of senators shall be in each State that which is prescribed by this Constitution, or by the Parliament, as the qualification for electors of members of the House of Representatives; but in the choosing of senators each elector shall vote only once. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 93 | Section 19 [Resignation of Senators] A senator may, by writing addressed to the President or to the Governor General if there is no President or if the President is absent from the Commonwealth, resign his place, which thereupon shall become vacant. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 94 | Section 21 [Notification to the State] Whenever a vacancy happens in the Senate, the President, or if there is no President or if the President is absent from the Commonwealth the Governor General, shall notify the same to the Governor of the State in the representation of which the vacancy has happened. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 95 | Section 29 [Eligibility, Electorate] (1) Until the Parliament of the Commonwealth otherwise provides, the Parliament of any State may make laws for determining the divisions in each State for which members of the House of Representatives may be chosen, and the number of members to be chosen for each division. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 96 | Section 30 [General Qualification of Representatives] Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the qualification of electors of members of the House of Representatives shall be in each State that which is prescribed by the law of the State as the qualification of electors of the more numerous House of Parliament of the State; but in the choosing of members each elector shall vote only once. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 97 | Section 34 [Special Qualifications of Representatives] Until the Parliament otherwise provides, the qualifications of a member of the House of Representatives shall be as follows: (i) He must be of the full age of 21 years, and must be an elector entitled to vote at the election of members of the House of Representatives, or a person qualified to become such elector, and must have been for three years at the least a resident within the limits of the Commonwealth as existing at the time when he is chosen: (ii) He must be a subject of the Queen, either natural born or for at least five years naturalized under a law of the United Kingdom, or of a Colony which has become or becomes a State, or of the Commonwealth, or of a State. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 98 | Section 37 [Resignation of Speaker] A member may by writing addressed to the Speaker, or to the Governor General if there is no Speaker or if the Speaker is absent from the Commonwealth, resign his place, which thereupon shall become vacant. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 99 | Section 46 [Punishment] Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any person declared by this Constitution to be incapable of sitting as a senator or as a member of the House of Representatives shall, for every day on which he so sits, be liable to pay the sum of one hundred pound to any person who sues for it in any court of competent jurisdiction. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 100 | Section 47 [Scrutiny of Qualification and Elections] Until the Parliament otherwise provides, any question respecting the qualification of a senator or of a member of the House of Representatives or respecting a vacancy in either House of the Parliament, and any question of a disputed election to either House, shall be determined by the House in which the question arises. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 101 | (7) Computers: Under the Data Protection Act 1984, which gives effect to a Council of Europe Convention, data users are required to register a description of the personal data they hold, the purposes for which they use it, the sources from which they obtain it and the categories of person to whom they may disclose it. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 102 | Conventions are rules and practices which are not legally enforceable but which are regarded as indispensable to the working of government; many are derived from the historical events through which the British system of government has evolved. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 103 | This right also applies to work which is the same or broadly similar or work which is judged equal by a job evaluation scheme. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 104 | A new party - the Liberal Democrats - was formed in 1988 when the Liberal Party, which could trace its origins to the eighteenth century, merged with the Social Democratic Party, which was formed in 1981. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 105 | There are more than 350 victim support schemes with over 6,000 trained volunteers which help well over 500,000 people a year. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 106 | Throughout Britain the maximum period for which the police can hold a suspected terrorist is 48 hours. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 107 | The parole license remains in force until the date on which the prisoner would otherwise have been released from prison. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 108 | Following a series of miscarriages of justice which took place in the mid 1970s, the Government has set up a Royal Commission to examine the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 109 | Section 14 Presumption of Innocence (1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 110 | (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 111 | In the case of a suspect arrested in connection with a serious arrestable offence, however, he or she may be detained for up to 36 hours without charge on the authority of a senior police officer; if the police wish to detain the suspect for longer than 36 hours, they must obtain authority from a court, which may not grant authority for a period beyond 96 hours from first detention. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 112 | They must also provide an address to which data subjects may write for access to the data. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 113 | (6) Television and radio programs are broadcast on religious topics; these include religious services as well as programs in which adherents of the main religions and non-believers discuss their views. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 114 | Cinemas are licensed by local government authorities, which have a legal duty to prohibit the admission of children under 16 to unsuitable films, and may prevent the showing of any film, although this particular power is hardly ever exercised. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 115 | In assessing the suitability of films, authorities rely on the British Board for Film Classification, an independent non-statutory body to which films offered to the public must be submitted. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 116 | (3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 117 | (4) Britain is a parliamentary democracy, the Government being responsible to the people through the elected House of Commons, which has the power to force a government to resign on a vote of no-confidence. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 118 | The other House in the British Parliament is the non-elected House of Lords, which is normally a chamber of discussion and revision of proposals and not a rival to the Commons. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 119 | (4) Britain and the other European Community members have signed the Dublin Convention, which defines when a member state is responsible for dealing with an asylum application. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 120 | (9) People may join trade unions, which have members in virtually every occupation and some 10 million members in all. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 121 | (3) Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 122 | (2) No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 123 | (2) Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to the House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 124 | and with the Indian Tribes; (4) To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; (5) To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; (6) To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; (7) To Establish Post Offices and Post Roads; (8) To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; (9) To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; (10) To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations; (11) To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; (12) To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; (13) To provide and maintain a Navy; (14) To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; (15) To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; (16) To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; (17) To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; - And (18) To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 125 | (4) The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 126 | (7) The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 127 | Section 2 [Scope of Judicial Power] (1) The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority; - to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls; - to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; - to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party; - to Controversies between two or more States; - between a State and Citizens of another State; - between Citizens of different States, - between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under the Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 128 | Article V [Amendment Proceedings] Article V [Amendment Proceedings] The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 129 | (2) This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 130 | Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 131 | (2) No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 132 | The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the Second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year; and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 133 | (3) No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, by an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 134 | (4) Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 135 | If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 136 | If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return in which Case it shall not be a Law. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 137 | (3) Every Order, Resolution, or Vote, to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 138 | He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows: (2) Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 139 | And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 140 | (2) He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law; but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 141 | Parliamentary inquiry may be conducted by joint decision of the Legislative Chamber and the Senate of the Oliy Majlis to investigate facts and cases, which threaten human rights, and freedoms and the interests of society and the State and which may have a negative impact on the foundations of security and the sustainable development of the country. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 142 | Democracy in the Republic of Uzbekistan shall rest on the principles common to all mankind, according to which the ultimate value is the human being, their life, freedom, honor, dignity and other inalienable rights. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 143 | All contradictions and ambiguities in the legislation, which arise in the relationship between a person and state bodies, shall be interpreted in favor of the person. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 144 | Land may be privately owned on the terms and in the manner prescribed by law, which ensure its rational use and protection as national wealth. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 145 | To conduct the parliamentary inquiry on a parity basis from among the deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan a special commission shall be established, which shall carry out its activities in accordance with the law. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 146 | The Kengash of people’s deputies and the khokim, within their powers, shall make decisions which are mandatory to all organizations, as well as officials and citizens in the respective territory. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 147 | The self-governing bodies are gatherings of citizens in settlements, kishlaks and auls, as well as in makhallas of cities, settlements, kishlaks and auls, which shall elect a Chairperson. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 148 | To organize and hold the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, of the representative bodies of state power of regions, districts, cities, as well as a referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be formed by the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the main principles of activity of which shall be independence, legality, collective nature, publicity and fairness. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 149 | The citizens and legal entities shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan with a complaint about the compliance with the Constitution of the law applied to them by the court in a specific case, the consideration of which in court has been completed, and if all other remedies have been exhausted. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 150 | Persons participating in court proceedings, who do not know the language in which it is being conducted, shall have the right to be fully acquainted with the materials of the case, participate through an interpreter in proceedings and address the court in their native language. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
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