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Great Britain Electoral Law
Great Britain Electoral Law
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| 1 | They raise fundamental and contentious issues about both the cost and fairness or corruptibility of electoral politics on the one hand, and free elections and expressive freedoms on the other.71 Most Australian states share a model of limited regulation based on the federal system. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 2 | In either case, the independence of the judiciary could be tested, as the court would need to decide on the relevance of Parliament’s prior ruling (made in all likelihood on party lines) on the member’s qualifications. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 3 | The trial judge in Mulholland accepted that the inability to be registered and hence a party label on the ballot wasa burden on the DLP’s ability to communicate political information at the crucial moment of voting. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 4 | A related, if secondary cause is a traditional reluctance on the part of many judges to involve themselves in an area felt to be better left to parliamentary debate and independent electoral administration. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 5 | The ban was inspired by and based on the United Kingdom model where political advertising during election campaigns was banned and political parties were provided with regulated free television and radio airtime for policy statements. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 6 | Independent candidates are grouped together on the far right hand edge of the ballot paper, without access to the popular “tick a box” system of voting (that is, the system of being able to select a single box representing a group of candidates, rather than having to number all of the many boxes corresponding to each of the candidates, as is normally required in full preferential voting). This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 7 | In fact, the implied freedom of political communication has had more impact on the law of defamation than the law of elections.14 The precedent in ACTVhas not been successfully applied in any electoral law case. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 8 | In Sue v Hill, the High Court held that a petition to unseat a successful candidate on the basis of a lack of qualifications was an exercise in judicial power. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 9 | This would have thrown disputed elections back to parliamentary committees or other non-independent government bodies ruling on the validity of national electoral outcomes. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 10 | A second example is the tension that exists where parliament retains the privilege to rule on the disqualification of members, concurrently with the possibility of judicial review. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 11 | A judge adopting this approach will put the onus squarely on the petitioner to prove the result was probably affected. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 12 | But even in malfeasance cases, a hardline approach against the respondent on the question of remedies is in tension with the general law rule in Briginshaw v Briginshaw.26 Briginshaw is a well-known High Court case that provides that the standard of proof in civil proceedings is effectively increased where the allegations are serious or would have grave consequences. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 13 | The Court’s reasoning is unfortunate because it opens the way, at least in South Australia, for every election result to be petitioned on the basis of misleading statements, possibly taken out of the context, made during an election campaign. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 14 | It introduces the test of whether sufficient electors were so swayed, or at least so confused, by the misleading statements that on the balance of probabilities, the result was affected. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 15 | But this would not be because the result can be shown to have been affected—there may be no way to discover how the people voted on the extra polling days—but because a deeper principle is involved. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 16 | Namely, the principle that balloting is a snapshot of the electorate’s mind and hence ought to occur on the single day set in the writ. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 17 | Yet, on the other hand, parties and even cranks can misuse administrative review in ways that waste administrative resources, stymie efficient electoral administration and encourage “defensive” practices by electoral authorities. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 18 | At the level of the Federal Senate, based on the United States model, the six States each return 12 Senators and the two internal territories each return two Senators. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 19 | When quotas are this small, even micro parties can win seats, as the STV can become a lottery, depending on the order in which candidates happen to be excluded from the count and the preference deals they have done. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 20 | A more direct approach to ensuring some Indigenous representation might follow the New Zealand model, where five Maori members, chosen by voters on the Maori Electoral Roll, are elected to the New Zealand Parliament. This makes 2003 a good time to reflect and take stock of Australian electoral law. | Australian Electoral Law |
| 21 | Public Order Act 1986 35 An offence under any of the following provisions of the Public Order Act 1986— (a) section 1 (riot); (b) section 2 (violent disorder); (c) section 3 (affray); (d) section 4 (using threatening or abusive words or behaviour etc with intent to cause fear of violence etc); (e) section 4A (intentional harassment, alarm or distress); (f) section 5 (using threatening or abusive words or behaviour within the hearing or sight of someone likely to be caused alarm or distress); (g) section 18 (racial hatred: use of words or behaviour or display of written material); (h) section 19 (racial hatred: publishing or distributing written material); (i) section 20 (racial hatred: public performance of play); (j) section 21 (racial hatred: distributing, showing or playing a recording); (k) section 22 (racial hatred: broadcasting or including programme in programme service); (l) section 29B (religious hatred or hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation: use of words or behaviour or display of written material); (m) section 29C (religious hatred or hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation: publishing or distributing written material); (n) section 29D (religious hatred or hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation: public performance of play); (o) section 29E (religious hatred or hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation: distributing, showing or playing a recording); (p) section 29F (religious hatred or hatred on the grounds of sexual orientation: broadcasting or including programme in programme service). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 22 | (4) In the form of nomination paper in the Appendix of forms, for note 2A substitute— “2A Where a candidate commonly uses a name or names— (a) that are different from the candidate’s full names as stated on the nomination paper, or (b) in a different way from the candidate’s full names as stated on the nomination paper, the commonly used name or names may also appear on the nomination paper; but if they do so, the commonly used name or names (instead of any other name) will appear on the ballot paper.” 11 Home address form: statement of local authority area (1) Schedule 1 to RPA 1983 (Parliamentary elections rules) is amended as follows. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 23 | (9) In this section— (a) “the 40-day period” means the period of 40 days beginning on the day on which the draft is laid before Parliament (or, if it is not laid before each House of Parliament on the same day, the later of the days on which it is laid); (b) “the 60-day period” means the period of 60 days beginning on the day on which the document mentioned in subsection (4) is laid before Parliament (or, if it is not laid before each House of Parliament on the same day, the later of the days on which it is laid). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 24 | (2) After subsection (1) insert— “(1A) A person (“P”) is guilty of an offence if P applies for the appointment of a proxy to vote for P— (a) at a parliamentary election, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at parliamentary elections, for four or more other electors; (b) at a parliamentary election where— (i) P is or will be registered in a register of parliamentary electors otherwise than in pursuance of an overseas elector’s declaration or a service declaration, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at parliamentary elections, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of parliamentary electors in pursuance of an overseas elector’s declaration or a service declaration; (c) at a local government election in England, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at local government elections in England, for four or more other electors; (d) at a local government election in England where— (i) P is or will be registered in a register of local government electors in England otherwise than in pursuance of a service declaration, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at local government elections in England, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of local government electors in England in pursuance of a service declaration; (e) at parliamentary elections, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at a parliamentary election, or at parliamentary elections, for four or more other electors; (f) at parliamentary elections where— (i) P is or will be registered in a register of parliamentary electors otherwise than in pursuance of an overseas elector’s declaration or a service declaration, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at a parliamentary election, or at parliamentary elections, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of parliamentary electors in pursuance of an overseas elector’s declaration or a service declaration; (g) at local government elections in England, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at a local government election in England, or at local government elections in England, for four or more other electors; (h) at local government elections in England, where— (i) P is or will be registered in a register of local government electors in England otherwise than in pursuance of a service declaration, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote, at a local government election in England, or at local government elections in England, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of local government electors in England in pursuance of a service declaration.” (3) After subsection (3A) insert— “(3B) A person (“P”) is also guilty of an offence if P votes as proxy— (a) for more than four electors— (i) at a parliamentary election; (ii) where the polls for two or more parliamentary elections are held on the same day, at those elections taken together; (iii) at a local government election in England; (iv) where the polls for two or more local government elections in England are held on the same day, at those elections taken together; (b) for more than two electors— (i) at a parliamentary election, or (ii) where the polls for two or more parliamentary elections are held on the same day, at those elections taken together, where P knows that more than two of those electors are registered in a register of parliamentary electors otherwise than in pursuance of an overseas elector’s declaration or a service declaration; (c) for more than two electors— (i) at a local government election in England, or (ii) where the polls for two or more local government elections in England are held on the same day, at those elections taken together, where P knows that more than two of those electors are registered in a register of local government electors otherwise than in pursuance of a service declaration.” (4) In subsection (4)— (a) omit “at a parliamentary election in any constituency or”; (b) after “any electoral area” insert “in Wales or Scotland”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 25 | 21 In form 1 in the Appendix of Forms (form of nomination paper), for note 3 substitute— “3 Where a candidate commonly uses a name or names— (a) that are different from the candidate’s full names as stated on the nomination paper, or (b) in a different way from the candidate’s full names as stated on the nomination paper, the commonly used name or names may also appear on the nomination paper; but if they do so, the commonly used name or names (instead of any other name) will appear on the ballot paper.” 22 In the Appendix of Forms, in form 10 (declaration for the companion of a voter with disabilities)— (a) in the section of the form beginning “I have been requested”, for the words from “I am entitled” to “does not apply” substitute “I am aged 18 or over”; (b) in the section of the form beginning “NOTE”, after “any person” insert “, except the elector to whom assistance is being provided,”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 26 | 26 After rule 53A insert— “Destruction of date of birth lists: Northern Ireland 53B The Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland must destroy the lists provided to the polling station under rule 29(3)(f)— (a) on the next working day following the 21st day after the Chief Electoral Officer has returned the name of the member elected, or (b) if an election petition questioning the election or return is presented before that day, on the next working day following the conclusion of proceedings on the petition or on appeal from such proceedings.” 27 In rule 54 (sealing up of ballot papers), after paragraph (2)(b) insert— “(ba) in the case of an election held in England and Wales or Scotland, the completed ballot paper refusal list,”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 27 | (2) Provision made under sub-paragraph (1) may include provision— (a) conferring functions on the Secretary of State or the Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland to enable applications to be made, or forms to be submitted, in a particular manner; (b) conferring other functions on the Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland; (c) conferring functions on the Electoral Commission; (d) authorising the Secretary of State or the Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland, in prescribed circumstances, to complete applications or forms in part for people. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 28 | (3F) A person voting as proxy for an elector at a relevant election— (a) must not communicate at any time to any person other than that elector any information as to the candidate for whom the person is about to vote, or has voted, as proxy for that elector; (b) except for some purpose authorised by law, must not communicate at any time to any person other than that elector the number or other unique identifying mark on the back of a ballot paper sent or delivered to the person for voting as proxy for that elector.” (3) After subsection (4) insert— “(4A) No person having undertaken to assist a relevant voter to vote at a relevant election may communicate at any time to any person except that voter any information as to— (a) the candidate for whom the voter intends to vote or has voted, or (b) the number or other unique identifying mark on the back of the ballot paper given for the use of the voter. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 29 | (2) The first condition is that the register is for the constituency or part of the constituency within which is situated the place of the address specified in the declaration by virtue of— (a) section 1C(2)(a) (where the person is seeking to be registered in reliance on the previous registration condition), or (b) section 1C(3)(a) or (4) (where the person is seeking to be registered in reliance on the previous residence condition). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 30 | 1C Overseas elector’s declaration (1) An overseas elector’s declaration must— (a) give the full name of the person making the declaration (“the declarant”), (b) state the date of the declaration, (c) state that the declarant is a British citizen, (d) state that the declarant is not resident in the United Kingdom on the date of the declaration, (e) state whether the declarant is seeking to be registered in reliance on the previous registration condition or the previous residence condition, (f) contain any other prescribed information and satisfy any other prescribed requirements (which may include requirements for the declaration to be attested), and (g) state that the declarant believes the matters stated in the declaration to be true. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 31 | (4) Where the declarant is seeking to be registered in reliance on the previous residence condition by virtue of section 1A(3)(b)(ii), the declaration must also specify an address in respect of which the declarant could have made a declaration of local connection on the last day on which the declarant was resident in the United Kingdom. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 32 | (6) A requirement imposed on the Commission under subsection (2) does not require them to disclose information if to do so would contravene the data protection legislation (but, in determining whether a disclosure would do so, the requirement imposed on the Commission is to be taken into account). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 33 | (2) Provision made under sub-paragraph (1) may include provision— (a) conferring functions on the Secretary of State, registration officers, or local or public authorities in Great Britain, to enable applications to be made in a particular manner; (b) conferring other functions on registration officers; (c) conferring functions on the Electoral Commission; (d) authorising the Secretary of State or the Chief Electoral Officer for Northern Ireland, in prescribed circumstances, to complete applications in part for people. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 34 | (2) After sub-paragraph (1) insert— “(1A) A person (“P”) is guilty of an illegal practice if P applies for the appointment of a proxy to vote for P— (a) at a local election, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at local elections, for four or more other electors; (b) at a local election where— (i) P is or will be registered in the register of local electors otherwise than by virtue of a service qualification, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at that election, or at local elections, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of local electors by virtue of a service qualification; (c) at local elections, where P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at a local election, or at local elections, for four or more other electors; (d) at local elections, where— (i) P is or will be registered in the register of local electors otherwise than by virtue of a service qualification, and (ii) P knows that the person to be appointed is already appointed as proxy to vote at a local election, or at local elections, for two or more other electors none of whom is registered in a register of local electors by virtue of a service qualification.” (3) For sub-paragraph (4) substitute— “(4) A person is also guilty of an illegal practice if the person votes as proxy— (a) for more than four electors— (i) at a local election, or (ii) where the polls for two or more local elections are held on the same day, at those elections taken together; (b) for more than two electors— (i) at a local election, or (ii) where the polls for two or more local elections are held on the same day, at those elections taken together, where the person knows that more than two of those electors are registered in a register of local electors otherwise than by virtue of a service qualification.” (4) In sub-paragraph (6), after “deemed to have voted” insert “(but see sub-paragraph (6A))”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 35 | (3F) A person voting as proxy for an elector at a local election is guilty of an electoral offence if the person— (a) communicates at any time to any person other than that elector any information as to the candidate for whom the person is about to vote, or has voted, as proxy for that elector; or (b) except for some purpose authorised by law, communicates at any time to any person other than that elector any information as to the number or other unique identifying mark on the back of a ballot paper sent or delivered to the person for voting as proxy for that elector.” (4) After sub-paragraph (4) insert— “(5) A person who has undertaken to assist a relevant voter to vote at a local election is guilty of an electoral offence if the person communicates at any time to any person except that voter any information as to— (a) the candidate for whom the voter intends to vote or has voted, or (b) the number or other unique identifying mark on the back of the ballot paper given for the use of the voter. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 36 | (4) In section 87 (date of casual vacancies)— (a) in subsection (1), before paragraph (e) insert— “(db) in the case of a disqualification by virtue of an order under section 30 of the Elections Act 2022 (disqualification of offenders for holding elective office etc), on the date the office is vacated in accordance with section 31 of that Act (vacation of office etc);”; (b) after subsection (1) insert— “(1A) In a case where subsection (1)(db) and one or both of subsections (1)(d) and (1)(da) apply in relation to a vacancy, the vacancy is to be deemed to have occurred on the date mentioned in subsection (1)(db).” Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 3 (1) The Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972 is amended as follows. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 37 | (4) In section 9 (Assembly members: date of casual vacancies)— (a) in subsection (1), after paragraph (f) insert— “(fa) in the case of disqualification by virtue of an order under section 30 of the Elections Act 2022 (disqualification of offenders for holding elective office etc), on the date the office is vacated in accordance with section 31 of that Act (vacation of office etc);”; (b) after subsection (1) insert— “(1A) In a case where subsection (1)(fa) and (f) (in the case of a conviction) apply in relation to a vacancy, the vacancy is to be regarded as occurring on the date mentioned in subsection (1)(fa).” (5) In section 13(2) (Mayor: failure to attend meetings), after “2000” insert “, or suspended under section 31(4) of the Elections Act 2022,”. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 38 | (2) In section 59 (date of vacancy in office of commissioner)— (a) in subsection (1), after paragraph (d) insert— “(e) in the case of disqualification by virtue of an order under section 30 of the Elections Act 2022 (disqualification of offenders for holding elective office etc), on the date the office is vacated in accordance with section 31 of that Act (vacation of office etc).”; (b) after subsection (2) insert— “(2A) In a case where subsection (1)(e) and (d) (in the case of a disqualification by virtue of section 66(3)(c)) apply in relation to a vacancy, the vacancy is to be regarded as occurring on the date mentioned in subsection (1)(e).” Sentencing Act 2020 10 (1) The Sentencing Act 2020 is amended as follows. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 39 | (2) After subsection (3) insert— “(3A) No person may— (a) except for some purpose authorised by law, obtain or attempt to obtain information, or communicate at any time to any other person any information, as to the number or other unique identifying mark on the back of a ballot paper sent to a person for voting by post at a relevant election; (b) except for some purpose authorised by law, obtain or attempt to obtain information, or communicate at any time to any other person any information, as to the official mark on a ballot paper sent to a person for voting by post at a relevant election; (c) obtain or attempt to obtain information, in the circumstances mentioned in subsection (3B), as to the candidate for whom a person voting by post at a relevant election (“V”) is about to vote or has voted; (d) communicate at any time to any other person information obtained in contravention of paragraph (c). 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 40 | 1A Qualification as an overseas elector in respect of a constituency (1) For the purposes of this Act and the principal Act, a person qualifies as an overseas elector in respect of a constituency on the declaration date if— (a) on that date the person is not resident in the United Kingdom, and (b) the person satisfies the previous registration condition or the previous residence condition. 37) Voting system for elections for certain offices 13 Simple majority system to be used in elections for certain offices PART 2 OVERSEAS ELECTORS AND EU CITIZENS Overseas electors 14 Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens 15 Voting and candidacy rights of EU citizens PART 3 THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION Strategy and policy statement 16 Strategy and policy statement 17 Examination of duty to have regard to strategy and policy statement Membership of the Speaker’s Committee 18 Membership of the Speaker’s Committee Criminal proceedings 19 Criminal proceedings PART 4 REGULATION OF EXPENDITURE Notional expenditure of candidates and others 20 Notional expenditure: use of property etc on behalf of candidates and others 21 Codes of practice on expenses 22 Authorised persons not required to pay expenses through election agent Registration of parties etc 23 Declaration of assets and liabilities to be provided on application for registration 24 Prohibition on entities being registered political parties and recognised third parties at same time 25 Section 24: transitional provision Elections Act 2022 (c. | Great Britain Electoral Law |
| 41 | The term ‘Federal Election Activity’ means— (i) voter registration activity during the period that begins on the date that is 120 days before the date a regularly scheduled Federal election is held and ends on the date of the election; (ii) voter identification, get-out-the-vote activity, or generic campaign activity conducted in connection with an election in which a candidate for Federal office appears on the ballot (regardless of whether a candidate for State or local office also appears on the ballot); (iii) a public communication that refers to a clearly identified candidate for Federal office (regardless of whether a candidate for State or local office is also mentioned or identified) and that promotes or supports a candidate for that office, or attacks or opposes a candidate for that office (regardless of whether the communication expressly advocates a vote for or against a candidate); or (iv) services provided during any month by an employee of a State, district, or local committee of a political party who spends more than 25 percent of that individual’s compensated time during that month on activities in connection with a Federal election. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 42 | (B) The term “contribution” does not include– (i) the value of services provided without compensation by any individual who volunteers on behalf of a candidate or political committee; (ii) the use of real or personal property, including a church or community room used on a regular basis by members of a community for noncommercial purposes, and the cost of invitations, food, and beverages, voluntarily provided by an individual to any candidate or any political committee of a political party in rendering voluntary personal services on the individual’s residential premises or in the church or community room for candidate-related or political party-related activities, to the extent that the cumulative value of such invitations, food, and beverages provided by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (iii) the sale of any food or beverage by a vendor for use in any candidate’s campaign or for use by or on behalf of any political committee of a political party at a charge less than the normal comparable charge, if such charge is at least equal to the cost of such food or beverage to the vendor, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such vendor on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does exceed $2000 in any calendar year; (iv) any unreimbursed payment for travel expenses made by any individual on behalf of any candidate or any political committee of a political party, to the extent that the cumulative value of such activity by such individual on behalf of any single candidate does not exceed $1,000 with respect to any single election, and on behalf of all political committees of a political party does not exceed $2,000 in any calendar year; (v) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of preparation, display, or mailing or other distribution incurred by such committee with respect to a printed slate card or sample ballot, or other printed listing, of 3 or more candidates for any public office for which an election is held in the State in which such committee is organized, except that this clause shall not apply to any cost incurred by such committee with respect to a display of any such listing made on broadcasting stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of general public political advertising; (vi) any payment made or obligation incurred by a corporation or a labor organization which, under section 30118(b) of this title, would not constitute an expenditure by such corporation or labor organization; (vii) any loan of money by a State bank, a federally chartered depository institution, or a depository institution the deposits or accounts of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation . VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 43 | For purposes of sections 30116(i) and 30117 of this title and paragraph (26), the term ‘election cycle’ means the period beginning on the day after the date of the most recent election for the specific office or seat that a candidate is seeking and ending on the date of the next election for that office or seat. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 44 | (8) The requirement for a political committee to file a quarterly report under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or paragraph (4)(A)(i) shall be waived if such committee is required to file a pre-election report under paragraph (2)(A)(i), or paragraph (4)(A)(ii) during the period beginning on the 5th day after the close of the calendar quarter and ending on the 15th day after the close of the calendar quarter. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 45 | § 1101(a)(20))) directly to this account for electioneering communications, the names and addresses of all contributors who contributed an aggregate amount of $1,000 or more to that account during the period beginning on the first day of the preceding calendar year and ending on the disclosure date. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 46 | (F) If the disbursements were paid out of funds not described in subparagraph (E), the names and addresses of all contributors who contributed an aggregate amount of $1,000 or more to the person making the disbursement during the period beginning on the first day of the preceding calendar year and ending on the disclosure date. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 47 | Before the Commission conducts any vote on the complaint, other than a vote to dismiss, any person so notified shall have the opportunity to demonstrate, in writing, to the Commission within 15 days after notification that no action should be taken against such person on the basis of the complaint. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 48 | (C) In the case of limitations under subsections (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(3), and (h), increases shall only be made in odd-numbered years and such increases shall remain in effect for the 2-year period beginning on the first day following the date of the last general election in the year preceding the year in which the amount is increased and ending on the date of the next general election. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 49 | (2) The term “candidate” means with respect to any presidential election, an individual who— (A) has been nominated for election to the office of President of the United States or the office of Vice President of the United States by a major party, or (B) has qualified to have his name on the election ballot (or to have the names of electors pledged to him on the election ballot) as the candidate of a political party for election to either such office in 10 or more States. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 50 | (6) The term “matching payment period” means the period beginning with the beginning of the calendar year in which a general election for the office of President of the United States will be held and ending on the date on which the national convention of the party whose nomination a candidate seeks nominates its candidate for the office of President of the United States, or, in the case of a party which does not make such nomination by national convention, ending on the earlier of— (A) the date such party nominates its candidate for the office of President of the United States, or (B) the last day of the last national convention held by a major party during such calendar year. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 51 | Except as provided in paragraph (5), an organization shall not be treated as an organization described in this section— (A) unless it has given notice to the Secretary, electronically that it is to be so treated, or (B) if the notice is given after the time required under paragraph (2), the organization shall not be so treated for any period before such notice is given or, in the case of any material change in the information required under paragraph (3), for the period beginning on the date on which the material change occurs and ending on the date on which such notice is given. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 52 | In the case of an organization failing to meet the requirements of paragraph (1) for any period, the taxable income of such organization shall be computed by taking into account any exempt function income (and any deductions directly connected with the production of such income) or, in the case of a failure relating to a material change, by taking into account such income and deductions only during the period beginning on the date on which the material change occurs and ending on the date on which notice is given under this subsection. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 53 | Such designation shall be made in such manner as the Secretary prescribes by regulations except that, if such designation is made at the time of filing § 6096 the return of the tax imposed by chapter 1 for such taxable year, such designation shall be made either on the first page of the return or on the page bearing the taxpayer’s signature. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 54 | or the National Credit Union Administration, other than any overdraft made with respect to a checking or savings account, made in accordance with applicable law and in the ordinary course of business, but such loan— (I) shall be considered a loan by each endorser or guarantor, in that proportion of the unpaid balance that each endorser or guarantor bears to the total number of endorsers or guarantors; (II) shall be made on a basis which assures repayment, evidenced by a written instrument, and subject to a due date or amortization schedule; and (III) shall bear the usual and customary interest rate of the lending institution; (viii) any legal or accounting services rendered to or on behalf of— (I) any political committee of a political party if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the person rendering such services and if such services are not attributable to activities which directly further the election of any designated candidate to Federal office; or (II) an authorized committee of a candidate or any other political committee, if the person paying for such services is the regular employer of the individual rendering such services and if such services are solely for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of title 26, but amounts paid or incurred by the regular employer reported in accordance with section 30104(b) of this title by the committee receiving such services; (ix) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of campaign materials (such as pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, party tabloids, and yard signs) used by such committee in connection with volunteer activities on behalf of nominees of such party: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the cost of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or particular candidates; (x) the payment by a candidate, for nomination or election to any public office (including State or local office), or authorized committee of a candidate, of the costs of campaign materials which include information on or reference to any other candidate and which are used in connection with volunteer activities (including pins, bumper stickers, handbills, brochures, posters, and yard signs, but not including the use of broadcasting, newspapers, magazines, billboards, direct mail, or similar types of general public communication or political advertising): Provided, That such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; (xi) the payment by a State or local committee of a political party of the costs of voter registration and get-out-thevote activities conducted by such committee on behalf of nominees of such party for President and Vice President: Provided, That— (1) such payments are not for the costs of campaign materials or activities used in connection with any broadcasting, newspaper, magazine, billboard, direct mail, or similar type of general public communication or political advertising; (2) such payments are made from contributions subject to the limitations and prohibitions of this Act; and (3) such payments are not made from contributions designated to be spent on behalf of a particular candidate or candidates; (xii) payments made by a candidate or the authorized committee of a candidate as a condition of ballot access and payments received by any political party committee as a condition of ballot access; (xiii) any honorarium (within the meaning of section 441i of this title); and (xiv) any loan of money derived from an advance on a candidate’s brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit available to the candidate, if such a loan is made in accordance with applicable law and under commercially reasonable terms and if the person making such loan makes loans derived from an advance on the candidate’s brokerage account, credit card, home equity line of credit, or other line of credit in the normal course of the person’s business. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 55 | (16) The term “political party” means an association, committee, or organization which nominates a candidate for election to any Federal office whose name appears on the election ballot as the candidate of such association, committee, or organization. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 56 | If a designation, report or statement filed pursuant to this Act (other than under paragraph (2)(A)(i) or (4)(A)(ii), or subsection (g)(1)) is sent by an overnight delivery service with an on-line tracking system, the date on the proof of delivery to the delivery service shall be considered the date of filing of the designation, report, or statement. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 57 | (B) The Commission shall make a designation, statement, report, or notification that is filed with the Commission under this Act available for inspection by the public in the offices of the Commission and accessible to the public on the Internet not later than 48 hours (or not later than 24 hours in the case of a designation, statement, report, or notification filed electronically) after receipt by the Commission. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 58 | (C) In promulgating a regulation under this paragraph, the Commission shall provide methods (other than requiring a signature on the document being filed) for verifying designations, statements, and reports covered by the regulation. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 59 | The Commission shall— (i) promulgate standards to be used by vendors to develop software that— (I) permits candidates to easily record information concerning receipts and disbursements required to be reported under this Act at the time of the receipt or disbursement; (II) allows the information recorded under subclause (I) to be transmitted immediately to the Commission; and (III) allows the Commission to post the information on the Internet immediately upon receipt; and (ii) make a copy of software that meets the standards promulgated under clause (i) available to each person required to file a designation, statement, or report in electronic form under this Act. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 60 | The Commission shall, as soon as practicable, post on the Internet any information received under this paragraph. VOTING AND ELECTIONS Chapter 301—Federal Election Campaigns Subchapter 1—Disclosure of Federal Campaign Funds § 30101. | USA Electoral Law |
| 61 | Powers of the regional, sub-regional and city election commission Regional, sub-regional, city election commission shall: exercise control over the execution of the present Code in the relevant territory, ensure its uniform application and provide explanations on the organization and conduct of election; form election constituencies for elections to the respective local Kengashes, assign them names and sequence numbers and publish information on the location of the election commission of that constituency; form the district election commissions for the elections to the relevant local Council and publish information on the composition of the commission; direct the activity of the respective election commissions, determine the procedure for making amendments to the composition of them, have an authority to cancel decisions of the district and precinct election commissions either independently or upon the proposal by the regional, sub-regional or city prosecutor, if these decisions contradict the present Code; accept relevant documents from political parties nominating candidates for the deputies; register candidates for deputies and issue them certificates; provide equal conditions for candidates to participate in election campaign; distribute funds among relevant election commissions, control over the provision of election commissions with premises, transport and communication facilities, and consider other matters of material and technical support of the elections; approve and prepare forms of ballot papers on the elections of the respective local Kengash, lists of voters, protocols of election commissions, its seals, other election-related documents; hear reports of political parties, other public associations, local authorities, citizens’ self-governing bodies and heads of enterprises, institutions and organizations on the preparation and conduct of elections; tabulate election results to the relevant local Kengash, register elected deputies, publish information on election outcomes and list of elected deputies in the press; issue a certificate and a breastplate of a relevant deputy of the local Kengash; resolve the matters related to the conduct of repeat election; shall consider the appeals of voters and other participants in the electoral process and makes decisions on them, except for complaints on the actions and decisions of election commissions; submit materials on the violation of the requirements of the present Code to the court or relevant law enforcement agencies; ensure the submission of documents related to the organization and conduct of elections to archives and departmental archives. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 62 | Powers of the Central Election Commission Central Election Commission shall: head the system of election commissions formed for conducting the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, carries out the control over the execution of the present Code throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan, ensure its uniform application; announce the start of the election campaign on the election of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies of the Legislative Chamber and local Kengashes; provide methodological support for the activities of election commissions, within its powers, adopts resolutions, approves instructions and regulations, provides clarifications on the organization of elections; provide general guidance and coordination of activities on the implementation of Information management system of the electoral process and the use of a Single electronic list of voters of the Republic of Uzbekistan (hereinafter — the Single electronic list of voters); form election constituencies for the election of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and deputies of the Legislative Chamber; resolve the matters of assigning polling stations formed under the diplomatic and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries to the relevant election constituencies; form the district election commissions for elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and deputies of the Legislative Chamber and publish information about their location; establish the procedure for introducing amendments to the composition of election commissions; cancel the decisions of the territorial election commissions either independently or upon the presentation of the General Prosecutor of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in the case if these decisions contravene with the present Code; issue mandates to the observers from foreign states, international organizations at elections; develop and approve the expenditure budget for the preparation and conduct of elections, distribute funds to election commissions, including the financing of political parties’ participation in elections, supervise the provision of election commissions with premises, transport and communication facilities, consider other matters related to material and technical support of elections; determine a sample mandate for observers of political parties, citizens’ self-governing bodies, representatives of mass media, observers from other states, international organizations; make decision on admission of political parties to participate in the elections on the basis of the submitted documents; accept relevant documents from the political parties nominating candidates for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and deputies of the Legislative Chamber; register candidates for the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and candidates for deputies of the Legislative Chamber, organize publication of the lists of registered candidates and information on them in the press and issuance of certificates for them; register the proxies of candidates for President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and issue them certificates; provide equal conditions of participation at the elections for candidates to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and candidates to deputy of the Legislative Chamber; establish samples and forms of ballot papers on the election of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate, voter lists, signature lists, protocols of election commissions and other documents, ballot boxes and seals of election commissions, determines their storage order. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 63 | Powers of district election commission District election commission shall: exercise the control on the execution of the present Code in respective territory; form polling stations, define their sequence number for the constituency, publish their lists with indication of the address; coordinate the activity of precinct election commissions; notify voters of the location of polling stations; form precinct election commissions and publish the information about their composition; provide equal conditions for candidates to participate in election campaign; register the proxies of the candidates for the election and issues them appropriate certificates; hear the reports of the representatives of political parties, other public associations, citizens’ self-governing bodies, heads of enterprises, institutions and organizations on matters related to the preparation and conduct of elections; observe the forming of voter lists and their presentation to introduce for public; determine the results of elections over the election constituency and submit them to the Central Election Commission, regional, Tashkent city election commissions; organize re-voting and repeat election, as well as holding the election of deputies instead of the retired; shall consider the appeals of voters and other participants in the electoral process and makes decisions on them, except for complaints on the actions and decisions of election commissions. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 64 | Requirements for equipping of buildings, premises of precinct election commissions and premises for voting Premises of precinct election commissions shall be equipped accordingly and have: National flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan (above the building and indoors); National emblem of the Republic of Uzbekistan (inside the building); sign board indicating the sequence number of polling station; booths or rooms for secret ballot; ballot boxes; specially equipped secret ballot booths for persons with disabilities, if necessary; separate places for observers; banners on the election date; map of the polling station; information on the composition, work plan, duty schedule of members of the precinct election commission; a special stand where information on the preparation and conduct of elections is placed: biographies and programs of all registered candidates published by the Central Election Commission, regional, sub-regional, city election commission; necessary furniture, office equipment (telephone, printer, computers connected to the Internet and having access to the Information management system of the election process, safe, office supplies); fire-fighting equipment. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 65 | The Counting Commission shall: organize and conduct voting on the election of members of the Senate; announce the time, place and procedure of the secret ballot to the participants of the joint meeting; prepare ballot papers by including in them in alphabetical order the surname, name and patronymic of each candidate for the Senate with the date of birth; specify a list of voters, issue a ballot sheets; affix a seal on its front side and ensure the presence on the ballot of signatures of at least two members of the Counting Commission; count the votes and draws up a Protocol on the results of the secret ballot; submit for approval of the joint meeting the results of the secret ballot. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 66 | Powers of the member of the Central Election Commission may be terminated by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan directly or upon the recommendation of the body which nominated him/her to membership, in the following cases: submission by him/her of a written application for resignation; he/she was recognized by the court as incapable; entry into force of the court's sentence against him/her; systematic failure to perform his/her duties; election or appointment to a position, the occupation of which in accordance with the law is incompatible with the exercise of the powers of a member of the Central Election Commission; recognition of him/her as missing or declaring dead on the basis of a court decision that has entered into legal force; loss of citizenship of the Republic of Uzbekistan; his/her death. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 67 | determine the procedure for the preparation and delivery of ballot papers to polling stations; hear the information of representatives of election commissions, political parties, ministries, state committees and agencies, local authorities, other state bodies and public associations on matters associated with preparation and conduct of elections; summarize the results of elections, determine the total voting results in the Republic of Uzbekistan and publish the information about the number of voters who participated in voting and the number of votes cast for each candidate; in cases provided for by the present Code, organize repeat voting, holding repeat elections and election for vacant position of retired deputies of the Legislative Chamber or members of the Senate, as well as holding repeat voting and repeat election of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; register elected deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate and publish their lists in the press and in other sources; convene the first post-election meeting of the Legislative Chamber, the Senate; hand on to the elected person a certificate on election as the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; issue to the deputy of Legislative Chamber and members of Senate a certificate and a breastplate respectively of the Deputy of Legislative Chamber and Member of the Senate; shall consider the appeals of voters and other participants in the electoral process and makes decisions on them, except for complaints on the actions and decisions of election commissions; submit materials on violation of requirements of the present Code to the court or law enforcement bodies; carry out international cooperation with representatives of electoral bodies of other countries, international organizations and foreign states, organize meetings, sign agreements and memorandums; participate in election observation in foreign countries, including missions of international organizations; invite international organizations, electoral bodies and representatives of foreign states for election observation; ensure that the documents relating to the organization and holding of elections are submitted to the departmental archives; approve the Regulation of the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan; strengthen and develop relations with public and the mass media. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 68 | Resolutions of the Central Election Commission shall enter into force from the moment of its adoption and shall be published on the official website of the Central Election Commission on the same day as well as on other sources, if it is necessary. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 69 | Regional, sub-regional, city election commissions shall publish information on their composition, address and telephone numbers of the commissions on the official websites and printed publications. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 70 | Based on the information provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the number of voters at polling stations established at diplomatic and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries, the Central Election Commission ensures the production and delivery of ballots. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 71 | For early voting, the voter on the basis of an application indicating the reason for absence on the election day (vacation, business trip, travel abroad, etc.) shall receive a ballot paper from the relevant precinct election commission. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 72 | After that the precinct election commission shall hold a meeting on the results of the counting and decide on the outcome of the voting. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 73 | Voting shall be conducted on the same polling station for the basic election and on the same lists of voters. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 74 | Voting shall be conducted on the same polling station for the basic election and on the same lists of voters. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 75 | On the basis of the submitted documents, the Central Election Commission shall, within five days, decide on the admission of a political party to participate in the elections. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 76 | On the basis of the submitted documents, the election commission shall make a final decision on the party's admission to participate in the elections within five days. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 77 | Determination of election results The Central Election Commission, regional, Tashkent city election commission on the basis of the protocols of district election commissions received by them, and the district, city election commission, on the basis of the protocols received by them, of precinct election commissions: the total number of voters throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan or throughout region, sub-region and city; the number of voters who received ballot papers; the number of voters who participated in voting; the number of votes cast for each candidate; the number of invalid ballot papers. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 78 | If the election is recognized as invalid on some polling stations (including the constituencies on the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan), the results of voting on these polling stations (constituencies) shall be excluded from the overall election results, provided that elections in general may be declared valid without these results. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 79 | Publication (promulgation) of election results The resolution of the Central Election Commission on the results of elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the elections to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be adopted not later than ten days after the election, and shall be published (promulgated) on the official website of the Central Election Commission and other sources. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 80 | Political parties shall publish information on the financing of their participation in the elections on their official websites and in the press within one month of the publication of the election results. General provisions Article 1. | Uzbekistan Electoral Law |
| 81 | (3) For the purposes of this section the term of service of a senator shall be taken to begin on the first day of July following the day of his election, except in the cases of the first election and of the election next after any dissolution of the Senate, when it shall be taken to begin on the first day of July preceding the day of his election. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 82 | Part V Powers of the Parliament Section 51 [Legislative Competencies] The Parliament shall, subject to this Constitution, have power to make laws for the peace, order and good government of the Commonwealth with respect to: (i) Trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States; (ii) Taxation; but so as not to discriminate between States or parts of States; (iii) Bounties on the production or export of goods, but so that such bounties shall be uniform throughout the Commonwealth; (iv) Borrowing money on the public credit of the Commonwealth; (v) Postal, telegraphic, telephonic, and other like services; (vi) The naval and military defence of the Commonwealth and of the several States, and the control of the forces to execute and maintain the laws of the Commonwealth; (vii) Lighthouses, lightships, beacons and buoys; (viii) Astronomical and meteorological observations; (ix) Quarantine; (x) Fisheries in Australian waters beyond territorial limits; (xi) Census and statistics; (xii) Currency, coinage, and legal tender; (xiii) Banking, other than State banking; also State banking extending beyond the limits of the State concerned, the incorporation of banks, and the issue of paper money; (xiv) Insurance, other than State insurance; also State insurance extending beyond the limits of the State concerned; (xv) Weights and measures; (xvi) Bills of exchange and promissory notes; (xvii) Bankruptcy and insolvency; (xviii) Copyrights, patents of inventions and designs, and trade marks; (xiv) Naturalization and aliens; (xx) Foreign corporations, and trading or financial corporations formed within the limits of the Commonwealth; (xxi) Marriage; (xxii) Divorce and matrimonial causes; and in relation thereto, parental rights, and the custody and guardianship of infants; (xviii) Invalid and old age pensions; (xxiiiA) The provision of maternity allowances, widows' pensions, child endowment, unemployment, pharmaceutical, sickness and hospital benefits, medical and dental services (but not so as to authorize any form of civil conscription), benefits to students and family allowances; (xxiv) The service and execution throughout the Commonwealth of the civil and criminal process and the judgments of the courts of the States; (xxv) The recognition throughout the Commonwealth of the laws, the public Acts and records, and the judicial proceedings of the States; (xxvi) The people of any race for whom it is deemed necessary to make special laws; (xxvii) Immigration and emigration; (xxviii) The influx of criminals; (xxix) External affairs; (xxx) The relations of the Commonwealth with the islands of the Pacific; (xxxi) The acquisition of property on just terms from any State or person for any purpose in respect of which the Parliament has power to make laws; (xxxii) The control of railways with respect to transport for the naval and military purposes of the Commonwealth; (xxxiii) The acquisition, with the consent of a State, of any railways of the State on terms arranged between the Commonwealth and the State; (xxxiv) Railway construction and extension in any State with the consent of that State; (xxxv) Conciliation and arbitration for the prevention and settlement of industrial disputes extending beyond the limits of any one State; (xxxvi) Matters in respect of which this Constitution makes provision until the Parliament otherwise provides; (xxxvii) Matters referred to the Parliament of the Commonwealth by the Parliament or Parliaments of any State or States, but so that the law shall extend only to States by whose Parliaments the matter is referred, or which afterwards adopt the law; (xxxviii) The exercise within the Commonwealth, at the request or with the concurrence of the Parliaments of all the States directly concerned, of any power which can at the establishment of this Constitution be exercised only by the Parliament of the United Kingdom or by the Federal Council of Australasia; (xxxix) Matters incidental to the execution of any power vested by this Constitution in the Parliament or in either House thereof, or in the Government of the Commonwealth, or in the Federal judicature, or in any department or officer of the Commonwealth. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 83 | (2) But notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, goods imported before the imposition of uniform duties of customs into any State, or into any Colony which, whilst the goods remain therein, becomes a State, shall, on thence passing into another State within two years after the imposition of such duties, be liable to any duty chargeable on the importation of such goods into the Commonwealth, less any duty paid in respect of the goods on their importation. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 84 | (8) If, at or before the commencement of the Constitution Alteration (Senate Casual Vacancies) 1977, a law to alter the Constitution entitled "Constitution Alteration (Simultaneous Elections) 1977" came into operation, a senator holding office at the commencement of that law who was chosen by the House or Houses of Parliament of a State in consequence of a vacancy that had at any time occurred in the place of a Senator chosen by the people of the State shall be deemed to have been chosen to hold office (a) if the senator elected by the people of the State had a term of service expiring on the thirtieth day of June, One thousand nine hundred and seventy eight until the expiration or dissolution of the first House of Representatives to expire or be dissolved after that law came into operation; or (b) if the senator elected by the people of the State had a term of service expiring on the thirtieth day of June, One thousand nine hundred and eighty one until the expiration or dissolution of the second House of Representatives to expire or be dissolved after that law came into operation or, if there is an earlier dissolution of the Senate, until that dissolution. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 85 | (2) The High Court may so certify if satisfied that for any special reason the certificate should be granted, and thereupon an appeal shall lie to Her Majesty in Council on the question without further leave. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 86 | Section 90 [Exclusive Power to Impose Duties of Customs] (1) on the imposition of uniform duties of customs the power of the Parliament to impose duties of customs and of excise, and to grant bounties on the production or export of goods, shall become exclusive. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 87 | (2) on the imposition of uniform duties of customs all laws of the several States imposing duties of customs or of excise, or offering bounties on the production or export of goods, shall cease to have effect, but any grant of or agreement for any such bounty lawfully made by or under the authority of the Government of any State shall be taken to be good if made before the thirtieth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and ninety eight, and not otherwise. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 88 | (3) If at any time during the five years the duty on any goods under this section is higher than the duty imposed by the Commonwealth on the importation of the like goods, then such higher duty shall be collected on the goods when imported into Western Australia from beyond the limits of the Commonwealth. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 89 | (3) The Senate may not amend any proposed law so as to increase any proposed charge or burden on the people. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 90 | Section 72 [Appointment, Removal, and Term of Justices] (1) The Justices of the High Court and of the other courts created by the Parliament (i) Shall be appointed by the Governor General in Council: (ii) Shall not be removed except by the Governor General in Council, on an address from both Houses of the Parliament in the same session, praying for such removal on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity: (iii) Shall receive such remuneration as the Parliament may fix; but the remuneration shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 91 | Section 76 [Conferred Original Jurisdiction] The Parliament may make laws conferring original jurisdiction on the High Court in any matter (i) Arising under this Constitution, or involving its interpretation: (ii) Arising under any laws made by the Parliament: (iii) Of Admiralty and maritime jurisdiction: (il ) Relating to the same subject matter claimed under the laws of different States. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 92 | (2) Any such officer who is not retained in the service of the Commonwealth shall, unless he is appointed to some other office of equal emolument in the public service of the State, be entitled to receive from the State any pension, gratuity, or other compensation, payable under the law of the State on the abolition of his office. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 93 | (3) Any such officer who is retained in the service of the Commonwealth shall preserve all his existing and accruing rights, and shall be entitled to retire from office at the time, and on the pension or retiring allowance, which would be permitted by the law of the State if his service with the Commonwealth were a continuation of his service with the State. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 94 | Such pension or retiring allowance shall be paid to him by the Commonwealth; but the State shall pay to the Commonwealth a part thereof, to be calculated on the proportion which his term of service with the State bears to his whole term of service, and for the purpose of the calculation his salary shall be taken to be that paid to him by the State at the time of the transfer. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 95 | Section 91 [Aid or Bounties of the States] Nothing in this Constitution prohibits a State from granting any aid to or bounty on mining for gold, silver, or other metals, nor from granting, with the consent of both Houses of the Parliament of the Commonwealth expressed by resolution any aid to or bounty on the production or export of goods. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 96 | Section 92 [No Internal Borders] (1) on the imposition of uniform duties of customs, trade, commerce, and intercourse among the states, whether by means of internal carriage or ocean navigation, shall be absolutely free. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 97 | (2) But any duty so imposed on any goods shall not exceed during the first of such years the duty chargeable on the goods under the law of Western Australia in force at the imposition of uniform duties and shall not exceed during the second, third, fourth, and fifth of such years respectively, four fifths, three fifths, two fifths, and one fifth of such latter duty, and all duties imposed under this section shall cease at the expiration of the fifth year after the imposition of uniform duties. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 98 | Section 103 [Membership in the Inter State Commission] The members of the Inter State Commission (i) Shall be appointed by the Governor General in Council: (ii) Shall hold office for seven years, but may be removed within that time by the Governor General in Council, on an address from both Houses of the Parliament in the same session praying for such removal on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity: (iii) Shall receive such remuneration as the Parliament may fix; but such remuneration shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 99 | Section 119 [Protection of the States] The Commonwealth shall protect every State against invasion and, on the application of the Executive Government of the State, against domestic violence. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 100 | Section 122 [Government of Surrendered Territories] The Parliament may make laws for the government of any territory surrendered by any State to and accepted by the Commonwealth, or of any territory placed by the Queen under the authority of and accepted by the Commonwealth, or otherwise acquired by the Commonwealth, and may allow the representation of such territory in either House of the Parliament to the extent and on the terms which it thinks fit. Section 3 [Governmental Remuneration] There shall be payable to the Queen out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of the Commonwealth, for the salary of the Governor General, an annual sum which, until the Parliament otherwise provides, shall be ten thousand pounds. | Australia Constitution |
| 101 | In the case of a suspect arrested in connection with a serious arrestable offence, however, he or she may be detained for up to 36 hours without charge on the authority of a senior police officer; if the police wish to detain the suspect for longer than 36 hours, they must obtain authority from a court, which may not grant authority for a period beyond 96 hours from first detention. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 102 | There is complete freedom of thought, conscience or form of worship and no restriction on the right of any citizen to change his or her religion. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 103 | (4) British broadcasting is based on the tradition that it is a public service accountable to the people through Parliament. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 104 | There is a defence against an obscenity charge on the grounds that the performance is for the public good in the interest of drama, opera or literature. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 105 | In assessing the suitability of films, authorities rely on the British Board for Film Classification, an independent non-statutory body to which films offered to the public must be submitted. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 106 | Staff are recruitedto the Civil Service and its executive agencies through fair and open competition solely on the basis of merit. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 107 | It is also unlawful for an employer to refuse to employ an individual on the grounds of that individual's membership or non-membership of a trade union. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 108 | (10) Britain is a party to the Council of Europe's convention on the legal status of children born to unmarried parents. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 109 | Once the work is completed, the tenants decide on the future of their homes, such as a transfer to a housing association, formation of a tenants' co-operative, or a return to the local government authority. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 110 | If a landlord harasses or evicts a tenant in order to re-let at market rent, the courts may award damages to the tenant based on the profit made by the landlord. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 111 | Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 112 | The preservation of the artistic heritage is encouraged by tax relief and other measures including certain controls on the export of works of art. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 113 | The Queen acts on the advice of her ministers. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 114 | (3) Leaders of the Government and Opposition sit on the front benches on either side of the Commons chamber with their supporters - the backbenchers - sitting behind them. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 115 | (2) In a tied vote the Speaker gives a casting vote, without expressing an opinion on the merits of the question. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 116 | The legislation is based on the Chancellor of the Exchequer's Budget statement, normally made in March or April each year. The Act known as the Bill of Rights 1689 deals with the exercise of the royal prerogative and succession to the Crown. | United Kingdom Constitution |
| 117 | and with the Indian Tribes; (4) To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; (5) To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; (6) To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; (7) To Establish Post Offices and Post Roads; (8) To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; (9) To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; (10) To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations; (11) To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; (12) To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; (13) To provide and maintain a Navy; (14) To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; (15) To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; (16) To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; (17) To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; - And (18) To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 118 | Amendment XX [1933 - Presidential Office and Congress] Section 1 [Terms] The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 119 | (2) The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 120 | (3) Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 121 | But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 122 | Section 8 [Legislative Power] (1) The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; (2) To borrow money on the credit of the United States; (3) To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 123 | The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 124 | (6) In case of the removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 125 | (8) Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States." Section 2 [Presidential Powers] (1) The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the Executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 126 | No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 127 | Article V [Amendment Proceedings] Article V [Amendment Proceedings] The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suffrage in the Senate. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 128 | Amendment XII [1804 - Presidential Elections] The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice- President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate; - The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted; - The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 129 | - The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 130 | Section 2 [Congressional Sessions] The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 131 | Section 5 [Enforcement] Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article. Article I [Legislature] Section 1 [Legislative Power Vested] All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. | USA Constitution |
| 132 | The exclusive powers of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall include: 1) election the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the head of the republican anti-corruption body and the head of the republican anti-monopoly body on representation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 2) consideration and approval of the candidates for the posts of theProsecutor General of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the chairperson of the Chamber of Accounts of the Republic of Uzbekistan on representation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 3) conducting consultations on the candidature proposed by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the post of the chairperson of State Security Service of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 4) on the nomination of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan appointment and dismissal of the heads of diplomatic missions and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign states and international organizations on representation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 5) appointment and relief of the Chairperson of the Board of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan on representation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan 6) ratification of decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the establishment and abolition of ministries and other republican bodies of executive power; 7) adoption of amnesty acts on representation of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 8) hearing the reports of the Prosecutor General of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Chairperson of the Board of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 9) hearing the reports of the heads of diplomatic missions and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign states and international organizations on the issues of their activities; 10) submission of parliamentary inquiries to the officials of state bodies and carrying out other forms of parliamentary control; 11) assistance to the representative bodies of state power on the ground in the performance of their activities; 12) rescission of the decisions of representative bodies of state power on the ground in the case of their inconsistency with the norms of legislation; 13) election of the Chairperson of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan and his deputies, chairpersons of committees and their deputies; 14) adoption of decisions on deprivation of a member of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan from immunity on the representation of the Prosecutor General of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 15) adoption of decisions on the matters relating to the organisation of chamber's activities and its internal organisation; 16) adopting resolutions on certain issues in the field of political, social and economic life, as well as on issues of national and foreign policy; 17) exercising the powers of the Oliy Majlis to legislate, with the exception of the Constitution and constitutional laws, during the dissolution of the Legislative Chamber; 18) exercising other powers stipulated by the Constitution and laws. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 133 | The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall: 1) guarantee observance of rights and freedoms of citizens, the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, sovereignty, security and territorial integrity of the Republic of Uzbekistan, implementation of decisions regarding its national-state structure; 2) represent the Republic of Uzbekistan within the country and in international relations; 3) conduct negotiations and sign treaties and agreements of the Republic of Uzbekistan, ensure the observance of the negotiated by the Republic treaties, agreements and the assumed by it obligations; 4) receive letters of credence and recall from diplomatic and other representatives accredited to him; 5) present to the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan nominees for appointment heads of diplomatic and other representative offices of the Republic of Uzbekistan to foreign states and with international organizations; 6) have the right to address the people and the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan on major matters of realizing home and foreign policies of the country; 7) form and abolish ministries and other republican bodies of executive authority with subsequent submission of decrees on these matters for approval by the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 8) represent to the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan a nominee for the election on the post of the Chairperson of the Senate; 9) appoint, with the approval of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the members of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan and dismisses them from their posts; 10) appoint and dismiss heads of committees, agencies and other republican state bodies in accordance with the legislation; 11) appoint and dismiss the Prosecutor General of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Chairperson of the Chamber of Accounts of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the approval of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 12) appoint, after consultation with the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Chairperson of the State Security Service of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and dismisses him from his post; 13) present candidates to the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as for the posts of Chairperson of the Board of the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan, head of the republican body to counteract corruption and head of the republican anti-monopoly body; 14) appoint and dismiss, upon the submission of the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chairpersons and deputy Chairpersons of courts in regions and the city of Tashkent, the Chairperson of the Military Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan; approve members of the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 15) appoint and relieve, upon the submission of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan, khokims of districts and cities of their posts in accordance with law. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 134 | The formation and functioning of political parties and other non-profit non-governmental organizations, aiming to do the following, shall be prohibited: changing the existing constitutional system by force, coming out against state sovereignty, territorial integrity and security of Uzbekistan, advocating war and social, national, racial and religious hostility, or encroaching on the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, encroaching on the health and morality of the people, as well as armed associations and political parties based on the national and religious principles. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 135 | The measures of legal influence on the individual applied by state bodies must be based on the principle of proportionality and be sufficient to achieve the goals provided by laws. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 136 | A deputy of the Legislative Сhamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as a member of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, may be a citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who has reached on the date of the elections twenty five years of age and permanently residing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan not less than five years. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 137 | The joint conduct of the Legislative Chamber and the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall include: 1) adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, introducing amendments; 2) adoption of the Constitutional laws and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, introducing amendments; 3) ratification and denouncement of international treaties; 4) adoption of decision on holding a referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan and designation the date of its holding; 5) determination of the guidelines of national and foreign policies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and adoption of strategic state programs; 6) determination of the structure and powers of the bodies of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 7) admission of new state formations into the Republic of Uzbekistan and approval of decisions to secede from the Republic of Uzbekistan; 8) legislative regulation of customs, currency and credit systems; 9) approval of the state budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan submitted by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, introducing amendments; 10) determination of the maximum size of government debt of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 11) determination of taxes and other compulsory payments; 12) legislative regulation of the administrative and territorial structure, and alteration of the boundaries of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 13) formation, annulment and renaming of districts, towns, cities and regions, and alteration of their boundaries; 14) institution of state awards and titles; 15) formation of the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 16) election of an Authorized Person of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Human Rights (Ombudsman) and the Deputy of Ombudsman; 17) ratification of decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on announcement of condition of war in case of attack on the Republic of Uzbekistan or necessity of implementation of contractual obligations on mutual defense from aggression; 18) ratification of decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on announcement of general and partial mobilization, introducing, prolongation or discontinuance of the state of emergency; 19) hearing the annual National Report on anti-corruption in the Republic of Uzbekistan; 20) conducting parliamentary investigation; 21) exercising of other powers specified by the Constitution and laws. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 138 | The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the right to relieve, by his decision, khokims of districts and cities of their posts, should they violate the Constitution, laws or perform acts discrediting the honour and dignity of a khokim; 16) suspend, cancel acts of republican executive bodies and khokims; have the right to chair the meetings of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 17) sign and promulgate laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan; shall have the right to return a law, with his objections, to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the second discussion and vote; 18) announce condition of war in cas e of attack on the Republic of Uzbekistan or in case of necessity of the implementation of contractual obligations on mutual defense from aggression, general or partial mobilization and within seventy two hours submit the adopted decision for approval by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan; 19) in exceptional cases (real outside threat, mass disturbances, major catastrophes, natural calamities, epidemics) in the interests of ensuring citizens’ security introduce the state of emergency on the entire territory or in the particular localities of the Republic of Uzbekistan and within seventy two hours submit the adopted decision for approval by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 139 | The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall issue decrees, resolutions and ordinances binding on the entire territory of the Republic on the basis of and for enforcement of the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 140 | In the Republic of Uzbekistan, public life shall develop on the basis of a diversity of political institutions, ideologies and opinions. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 141 | Democracy in the Republic of Uzbekistan shall rest on the principles common to all mankind, according to which the ultimate value is the human being, their life, freedom, honor, dignity and other inalienable rights. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 142 | The state shall carry out its activity based on the principles of legality, social justice and solidarity, to ensure human well-being and sustainable development of society. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 143 | The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the supreme legal force and direct effect, and constitute the basis of the single legal space on the entire territory of the country. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 144 | Laws and other normative legal acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be adopted on the basis of and in fulfillment of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 145 | The foreign policy of Uzbekistan shall be based on the principles of sovereign equality of the states, non-use of force or threat to use force, inviolability of frontiers, peaceful settlement of disputes, non-interference in the internal affairs of other states, and other generally recognized principles and norms of international law. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 146 | The Republic of Uzbekistan may enter into alliances, join commonwealths and other inter-governmental institutions, as well as withdraw from them, on the basis of the supreme interests of the state, the people, its welfare and security. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 147 | The exercise of rights and freedoms by a person must not encroach on the lawful interests, rights and freedoms of other persons, the state or society. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 148 | In the Republic of Uzbekistan, a single citizenship shall be established on the entire territory of the Republic. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 149 | Foreign citizens and stateless persons, during their stay on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, shall be guaranteed the rights and freedoms in accordance with the norms of the international law. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 150 | No one shall be convicted, punished, deprived of property, or any other right on the basis of a law that is not publicly promulgated. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
| 151 | This right shall be restricted only in accordance with the law and on the basis of a court decision. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES Chapter I. | Uzbekistan Constitution |
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